Clinical Bio_Ch5_2023_2266

A 60-year-old man presents to the clinic with bone pain and fatigue. Blood tests show high levels of calcium and low levels of phosphate. Imaging studies reveal thinning of the bones. Which of the following conditions is the most likely cause of his symptoms?

Paget's disease is a condition where bone remodeling occurs at an accelerated rate, resulting in weakened, misshapen bones. Symptoms may include bone pain, fatigue, and fractures. High levels of calcium and low levels of phosphate may also be present. Osteoporosis, on the other hand, is characterized by decreased bone density and an increased risk of fractures.

• Hypocalcemia

• Hypercalcemia

• Osteoporosis

• Paget's disease

A 40-year-old man presents to the clinic with muscle weakness and a tingling sensation in his fingers. Blood tests show low levels of calcium and high levels of phosphate. Imaging studies reveal bone thinning. Which of the following conditions is the most likely cause of his symptoms?

• Hypocalcemia

• Hypercalcemia

• Vitamin D deficiency

• Hypoparathyroidism

A 40-year-old man presents to the clinic with muscle weakness and a tingling sensation in his fingers. Blood tests show low levels of calcium and high levels of phosphate. Imaging studies reveal bone thinning. Which of the following is a primary source of calcium in the diet?

• Meat and poultry

• Milk and other dairy products

• Fruits and vegetables

• Grains and cereals

A 25-year-old woman presents to the clinic with bone pain and muscle weakness. Blood tests show low levels of vitamin D and calcium. Imaging studies reveal bone deformities. Which of the following conditions is the most likely cause of her symptoms?

Osteomalacia is a condition where there is insufficient mineralization of bone tissue, leading to weakened bones. Symptoms may include bone pain, muscle weakness, and deformities. Low levels of vitamin D and calcium are characteristic of this condition. Rickets is a similar condition that occurs in children and is characterized by soft, weak bones. Hypercalcemia refers to high levels of calcium in the blood, while hypocalcemia refers to low levels of calcium.

Rickets is a bone disease that occurs in children due to a deficiency of vitamin D, calcium, or phosphorus. It is characterized by softening and weakening of the bones, which can lead to skeletal deformities and growth disturbances.

• Hypocalcemia

• Hypercalcemia

• Osteomalacia

• Rickets

A 25-year-old woman presents to the clinic with bone pain and muscle weakness. Blood tests show low levels of vitamin D and calcium. Imaging studies reveal bone deformities. Which of the following hormones promotes the absorption of calcium from the small intestine?

• Parathyroid hormone

• Calcitonin

• Thyroid hormone

• Vitamin D

Which of the following conditions is characterized by high levels of calcium in the blood?

• Hypocalcemia

• Hypercalcemia

• Osteomalacia

• Rickets

Calcidiol is:

• A hormone that regulates calcium homeostasis

• The active form of vitamin D

• A precursor of calcitriol

• A hormone secreted by the parathyroid gland