Proset 2 Literasi Bahasa Inggris

Passage A

     Farm families are able to achieve efficiency only through a brutal work schedule that few people could tolerate. “The farm family does physically demanding work and highly stressful work at least 14 hours a day (often at least 18 hours a day during harvest season), 7 days a week, 365 days a year, without a scheduled vacation or weekends off,” wrote Minnesota politician and farm alumnus Darrell McKigney. “The farmer must endure all of this without ... any of the benefits that most United States labor unions demand.” A dairy farmer, for instnace, cannot just take off for a two-week vacation and not milk the cows. “Farmers lose perspective on the other things in life,” one psychologist has written. “The farm literally consumes them.”

Passage B

     Americans have distanced themselves from the ethics and morals of food production, except where it serves them to think nostalgically about family farms as the source of our better values. Little wonder that a poll taken by The New York Times finds a majority of Americans seeing farm life as superior to any other kind of life in this country. As consumers, Americans have enjoyed relatively inexpensive food. What will happen if family farms disappear? What will we do without family farmers to watch over the system for us to be our dupes, and to create that pleasant situation through their own great discomfort?

1.        Unlike passage B, passage A is primarily concerned with the...

• A. ethical implications of food production

• B. harsh working condition on many farms

• C. need for farmers to form a labor union

• D. plentiful and varied food available in the United States

• E. beliefs of many Americans regarding farm life

Passage A

     Farm families are able to achieve efficiency only through a brutal work schedule that few people could tolerate. “The farm family does physically demanding work and highly stressful work at least 14 hours a day (often at least 18 hours a day during harvest season), 7 days a week, 365 days a year, without a scheduled vacation or weekends off,” wrote Minnesota politician and farm alumnus Darrell McKigney. “The farmer must endure all of this without ... any of the benefits that most United States labor unions demand.” A dairy farmer, for instnace, cannot just take off for a two-week vacation and not milk the cows. “Farmers lose perspective on the other things in life,” one psychologist has written. “The farm literally consumes them.”

Passage B

     Americans have distanced themselves from the ethics and morals of food production, except where it serves them to think nostalgically about family farms as the source of our better values. Little wonder that a poll taken by The New York Times finds a majority of Americans seeing farm life as superior to any other kind of life in this country. As consumers, Americans have enjoyed relatively inexpensive food. What will happen if family farms disappear? What will we do without family farmers to watch over the system for us to be our dupes, and to create that pleasant situation through their own great discomfort?

2.        Both passages serve to discourage the...

• A.       reliance on polls for accurate information

• B.       desire of many farmers to take annual vacations

• C.       tendency of Americans to buy inexpensive foods

• D.       romanticization of farm life by nonfarmers

• E.       rise in price of home-grown produce

Passage A

     Farm families are able to achieve efficiency only through a brutal work schedule that few people could tolerate. “The farm family does physically demanding work and highly stressful work at least 14 hours a day (often at least 18 hours a day during harvest season), 7 days a week, 365 days a year, without a scheduled vacation or weekends off,” wrote Minnesota politician and farm alumnus Darrell McKigney. “The farmer must endure all of this without ... any of the benefits that most United States labor unions demand.” A dairy farmer, for instnace, cannot just take off for a two-week vacation and not milk the cows. “Farmers lose perspective on the other things in life,” one psychologist has written. “The farm literally consumes them.”

Passage B

     Americans have distanced themselves from the ethics and morals of food production, except where it serves them to think nostalgically about family farms as the source of our better values. Little wonder that a poll taken by The New York Times finds a majority of Americans seeing farm life as superior to any other kind of life in this country. As consumers, Americans have enjoyed relatively inexpensive food. What will happen if family farms disappear? What will we do without family farmers to watch over the system for us to be our dupes, and to create that pleasant situation through their own great discomfort?

3. The author of passage B would most likely assert which of the following about the “majority”?

• A.       they would be bored by the routine chores that are performed on a farm

• B.       they have little understanding of the realities of farm life

• C.       thay admire the effeiciency of the average family farm

• D.       they wish to improve the arduous life of many farmers

• E.       they are impressed by the current research on economical food production

Passage A

     Farm families are able to achieve efficiency only through a brutal work schedule that few people could tolerate. “The farm family does physically demanding work and highly stressful work at least 14 hours a day (often at least 18 hours a day during harvest season), 7 days a week, 365 days a year, without a scheduled vacation or weekends off,” wrote Minnesota politician and farm alumnus Darrell McKigney. “The farmer must endure all of this without ... any of the benefits that most United States labor unions demand.” A dairy farmer, for instnace, cannot just take off for a two-week vacation and not milk the cows. “Farmers lose perspective on the other things in life,” one psychologist has written. “The farm literally consumes them.”

Passage B

     Americans have distanced themselves from the ethics and morals of food production, except where it serves them to think nostalgically about family farms as the source of our better values. Little wonder that a poll taken by The New York Times finds a majority of Americans seeing farm life as superior to any other kind of life in this country. As consumers, Americans have enjoyed relatively inexpensive food. What will happen if family farms disappear? What will we do without family farmers to watch over the system for us to be our dupes, and to create that pleasant situation through their own great discomfort?

4.     Unlike the author of Passage B, the author of Passage A does which of the following…

• A.       explains a study

• B.       offers a soultion

• C.       argues a position

• D.       discusses a phenomenon

• E.       quotes an authority

The present study sought to document the word reading and comprehension levels attained by children who were implanted by 5 year of age. It was hypothesized that the improved speech perception abilities acquired with cochlear implantation would promote phonological coding skills. (1)….

     Three subtests of diagnostic reading assessment batteries standardized on hearing children were administered to 181 children between 8 year 0 month and 9 year 11 month of age who had 4 to 6 years of implant experience. (2)… It included a lexical decision task, a rhyme task, and the digit span subtest of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children.

     Over half of the children scored within the average range for their age compared with the normative data for hearing children. (3) … They were higher nonverbal intelligence, higher family socio-economic status, and later onset of deafness between birth and 36 months.

 

10.        Which option best completes (1)?

• A.       The finding showed that the hypothesis was accepted

• B.       The implantation was eventually shown to be successful

• C.       The following paragraph would discuss the findings of the study

• D.       The objective of the study was to see the subject’s reading skills

• E.       It would also facilitate the acquisition of beginning reading skills

Despite a string of controversies and the public’s relatively negative sentiments about aspects of social media, about seven-in-ten Americans say they ever use any kind of social media site, according to a new Rew Research Centre survey of U.S. adults.

     Besides the general question of overall social media use. the survey also covers use of individual sites and apps. YouTube and Facebook continue to dominate the online landscape, with 81% and 69%, respectively, reporting ever using these sites. YouTube and Reddit were the only two platforms surveyed that saw statistically significant growth since 2019, when the Centre last polled on this topic via a phone survey.

     When it comes to the other platforms in the sutvey, 40% of adults say they ever use Instagram and about three-in-ten report using Pinterest or Linkedin. One-quarter say they ever use Snapchat, and similar shares report being users of Twitter or WhatsApp. TikTok is used by 21% of Americans, while 13% say they use the platform Nextdoor.

     Even as other platforms do not nearly match the overall reach of YouTube or Facebook, there are certain sites or apps, most notably Instagram, Snapchat and TikTok, that have an especially strong following among young adults. In fact, a majority of 18-to-29-year-olds say they use Instagram (71%) or Snapchat (65%), while about half say the same for TikTok. These findings come from a national survey of 1,502 U.S. adults conducted via telephone Jan. 25-Feb. 8, 2021.

     YouTube is the online platform asked about in this survey that is most commonly used, and there’s evidence that its reach is growing. Fully 81% of Americans say they ever use of YouTube, up from 73% in 2019. Reddit was the only other platform surveyed that experienced statiscically significant growth during this time period – increasing from 11% in 2019 to 18% today.

     Facebook’s growth has remained steady over the last five years, but it remains one of the most widely used social media sites aong adults in the U.S. That is, 69% of adults today say they ever use the site, equalling the share who said these two years prior.

 

5. It can be inferred that the “online landscape” in paragraph 2 refers to…

• A.       gardening on the internet

• B.       Facebook and YouTube

• C.       social media followers

• D.       sites on the internet

• E.       computer applications

Despite a string of controversies and the public’s relatively negative sentiments about aspects of social media, about seven-in-ten Americans say they ever use any kind of social media site, according to a new Rew Research Centre survey of U.S. adults.

     Besides the general question of overall social media use. the survey also covers use of individual sites and apps. YouTube and Facebook continue to dominate the online landscape, with 81% and 69%, respectively, reporting ever using these sites. YouTube and Reddit were the only two platforms surveyed that saw statistically significant growth since 2019, when the Centre last polled on this topic via a phone survey.

     When it comes to the other platforms in the sutvey, 40% of adults say they ever use Instagram and about three-in-ten report using Pinterest or Linkedin. One-quarter say they ever use Snapchat, and similar shares report being users of Twitter or WhatsApp. TikTok is used by 21% of Americans, while 13% say they use the platform Nextdoor.

     Even as other platforms do not nearly match the overall reach of YouTube or Facebook, there are certain sites or apps, most notably Instagram, Snapchat and TikTok, that have an especially strong following among young adults. In fact, a majority of 18-to-29-year-olds say they use Instagram (71%) or Snapchat (65%), while about half say the same for TikTok. These findings come from a national survey of 1,502 U.S. adults conducted via telephone Jan. 25-Feb. 8, 2021.

     YouTube is the online platform asked about in this survey that is most commonly used, and there’s evidence that its reach is growing. Fully 81% of Americans say they ever use of YouTube, up from 73% in 2019. Reddit was the only other platform surveyed that experienced statiscically significant growth during this time period – increasing from 11% in 2019 to 18% today.

     Facebook’s growth has remained steady over the last five years, but it remains one of the most widely used social media sites aong adults in the U.S. That is, 69% of adults today say they ever use the site, equalling the share who said these two years prior.

 

6.        What is the relationship between the ideas in paragraphs 3 and 4? Paragraph 4….

• A.       expands the ideas in paragraph 3

  h 3

• B.       opposes data mentioned in paragrap

• C.       summarises trends stated in paragraph 3

• D.       compares platforms illustrated in paragraph 3

• E.       supports social media explained in paragraph 3

Despite a string of controversies and the public’s relatively negative sentiments about aspects of social media, about seven-in-ten Americans say they ever use any kind of social media site, according to a new Rew Research Centre survey of U.S. adults.

     Besides the general question of overall social media use. the survey also covers use of individual sites and apps. YouTube and Facebook continue to dominate the online landscape, with 81% and 69%, respectively, reporting ever using these sites. YouTube and Reddit were the only two platforms surveyed that saw statistically significant growth since 2019, when the Centre last polled on this topic via a phone survey.

     When it comes to the other platforms in the sutvey, 40% of adults say they ever use Instagram and about three-in-ten report using Pinterest or Linkedin. One-quarter say they ever use Snapchat, and similar shares report being users of Twitter or WhatsApp. TikTok is used by 21% of Americans, while 13% say they use the platform Nextdoor.

     Even as other platforms do not nearly match the overall reach of YouTube or Facebook, there are certain sites or apps, most notably Instagram, Snapchat and TikTok, that have an especially strong following among young adults. In fact, a majority of 18-to-29-year-olds say they use Instagram (71%) or Snapchat (65%), while about half say the same for TikTok. These findings come from a national survey of 1,502 U.S. adults conducted via telephone Jan. 25-Feb. 8, 2021.

     YouTube is the online platform asked about in this survey that is most commonly used, and there’s evidence that its reach is growing. Fully 81% of Americans say they ever use of YouTube, up from 73% in 2019. Reddit was the only other platform surveyed that experienced statiscically significant growth during this time period – increasing from 11% in 2019 to 18% today.

     Facebook’s growth has remained steady over the last five years, but it remains one of the most widely used social media sites aong adults in the U.S. That is, 69% of adults today say they ever use the site, equalling the share who said these two years prior.

 

7. Based on the graph, we can predict that…

• A.       all platforms other than YouTube and Facebook will dominate the online landscape in the U.S

• B.       some of the platforms other than YouTube and Facebook will dominate the online landscape in the U.S

• C.       Instagram, Snapchat, and TikTok will replace YouTube and Facebook as the dominant social media platforms in the U.S

• E.       Reddit will replace YouTube and Facebook as the dominant social media platforms in the U.S

• E.       YouTube and Facebook will continue to dominate the online landscape in the U.S

Despite a string of controversies and the public’s relatively negative sentiments about aspects of social media, about seven-in-ten Americans say they ever use any kind of social media site, according to a new Rew Research Centre survey of U.S. adults.

     Besides the general question of overall social media use. the survey also covers use of individual sites and apps. YouTube and Facebook continue to dominate the online landscape, with 81% and 69%, respectively, reporting ever using these sites. YouTube and Reddit were the only two platforms surveyed that saw statistically significant growth since 2019, when the Centre last polled on this topic via a phone survey.

     When it comes to the other platforms in the sutvey, 40% of adults say they ever use Instagram and about three-in-ten report using Pinterest or Linkedin. One-quarter say they ever use Snapchat, and similar shares report being users of Twitter or WhatsApp. TikTok is used by 21% of Americans, while 13% say they use the platform Nextdoor.

     Even as other platforms do not nearly match the overall reach of YouTube or Facebook, there are certain sites or apps, most notably Instagram, Snapchat and TikTok, that have an especially strong following among young adults. In fact, a majority of 18-to-29-year-olds say they use Instagram (71%) or Snapchat (65%), while about half say the same for TikTok. These findings come from a national survey of 1,502 U.S. adults conducted via telephone Jan. 25-Feb. 8, 2021.

     YouTube is the online platform asked about in this survey that is most commonly used, and there’s evidence that its reach is growing. Fully 81% of Americans say they ever use of YouTube, up from 73% in 2019. Reddit was the only other platform surveyed that experienced statiscically significant growth during this time period – increasing from 11% in 2019 to 18% today.

     Facebook’s growth has remained steady over the last five years, but it remains one of the most widely used social media sites aong adults in the U.S. That is, 69% of adults today say they ever use the site, equalling the share who said these two years prior.

 8.        From the graph, we learn that among all the social media platforms other than YouTube and Facebook, …..was recorded the most impressive performance in the last 10 years.

• A.       Whatsapp

• B.       Instagram

• C.       Snapchat

• D.       Pinterest

• E.       Linkedin

Despite a string of controversies and the public’s relatively negative sentiments about aspects of social media, about seven-in-ten Americans say they ever use any kind of social media site, according to a new Rew Research Centre survey of U.S. adults.

     Besides the general question of overall social media use. the survey also covers use of individual sites and apps. YouTube and Facebook continue to dominate the online landscape, with 81% and 69%, respectively, reporting ever using these sites. YouTube and Reddit were the only two platforms surveyed that saw statistically significant growth since 2019, when the Centre last polled on this topic via a phone survey.

     When it comes to the other platforms in the sutvey, 40% of adults say they ever use Instagram and about three-in-ten report using Pinterest or Linkedin. One-quarter say they ever use Snapchat, and similar shares report being users of Twitter or WhatsApp. TikTok is used by 21% of Americans, while 13% say they use the platform Nextdoor.

     Even as other platforms do not nearly match the overall reach of YouTube or Facebook, there are certain sites or apps, most notably Instagram, Snapchat and TikTok, that have an especially strong following among young adults. In fact, a majority of 18-to-29-year-olds say they use Instagram (71%) or Snapchat (65%), while about half say the same for TikTok. These findings come from a national survey of 1,502 U.S. adults conducted via telephone Jan. 25-Feb. 8, 2021.

     YouTube is the online platform asked about in this survey that is most commonly used, and there’s evidence that its reach is growing. Fully 81% of Americans say they ever use of YouTube, up from 73% in 2019. Reddit was the only other platform surveyed that experienced statiscically significant growth during this time period – increasing from 11% in 2019 to 18% today.

     Facebook’s growth has remained steady over the last five years, but it remains one of the most widely used social media sites aong adults in the U.S. That is, 69% of adults today say they ever use the site, equalling the share who said these two years prior.

9. The author’s attitude regarding social media is…. 

• A.       cautious

• B.       objective

• C.       optimistic

• D.       favorable

• E.       doubtful