Health Promotion and the Ottawa Charter

What is health promotion according to the WHO?

• the process of people controlling their health when they perceive their health is failing

• the process of enabling people to increase control over their health and its determinants, and thereby improve their health

• the process of enabling government to increase control over people's health and thereby improve public health

• the process of enabling organisations to increase control over public health and thereby influencing the determinants of health

What are the 5 action areas of the Ottawa Charter?

• Developing Personal Skills, Building Healthy Public Policy, Reorienting Health Services, Strengthening Community Action, Creating Supportive Environments

• Developing Policy Skills, Building Personal Knowledge, Reordering Health Services, Solidifying Community Action, Creating Flexible Environments

• Deciding on Personal Skills, Bolstering Healthy Policy, Reorienting Heart Services, Strengthening Collective Action, Collaborating on Supportive Environments

• Developing Personal Skills, Building Healthy Public Policy, Reorienting Health Services, Strengthening Environments, Community Awareness

Developing Personal Skills involves

• empowerment of communities to make positive health choices and to manage their genetics and lifestyle

• empowerment of governments to make positive public health decisions and to manage the behaviours and lifestyle of the population

• empowerment of individuals to make negative health choices and to ignore their behaviours and lifestyle

• empowerment of individuals to make positive health choices and to manage their behaviours and lifestyle

Reorienting Health Services involves

• shifting the focus of care from preventative to curative and

  which refocuses on the physical health of the individual

• shifting the focus of care from preventative to curative and

  away from a health service which focuses on the holistic health of the individual

• shifting the focus of care from curative to preventative and

  toward a health service which refocuses on the holistic health of the individual

• shifting the focus of care from curative to preventative and

  which focuses on the holistic health of the community

Strengthening Community Action involves

• the empowerment of individuals and giving them ownership and control of their own health along guidelines specified by the WHO

• the empowerment of communities and giving them ownership and control of their own health and health promotion

• the empowerment of governments and giving them ownership and control of public health and health promotion

• the empowerment of communities and controlling their health and health promotion so that they do not negatively impact the overall health of the community

Building Healthy Public Policy involves

• taxation of community groups to ensure positive health.

  Each level of government to discuss with individuals what might improve health outcomes

• legislation of good health by way of mandates which government enforces to determine health outcomes

• taxation and individual change that promotes health.

  Each person in the community to promote opinions that improve health outcomes

• legislation, fiscal measures, taxation and organisational change that promotes health.

  Each level of government to promote laws that improve health outcomes

Creating Supportive Environments involves

• people taking care of each other, their communities and their environments, so that healthy choices can be supported in all environments

• governments taking care of citizens, their communities and health centres, so that choices can be monitored in all workplaces

• communities taking care of their hospitals, so that nurses and doctors can be supported in all promoting health

• people taking care of each other, so that wellbeing and mental health can be supported, lessening the cost to the government

In what year was the Ottawa Charter developed?

• 1956

• 1986

• 1998

• 2010

(In Australia) An example of Health Promotion in action is

• Toward Zero Road Safety campaign

• McDonalds advertising healthier meals at their restaurants

• Schools ensuring that primary school children sit down while they eat recess

• A pharmacist asking a patient if they would like a generic or brand name drug for their prescription

A local council has decided to install outdoor exercise equipment in a council-managed park to make physical activity more accessible. It has also employed a personal trainer for set times each day to provide advice and instruction to individuals using the equipment.

Which TWO action areas of the Ottawa Charter does this strategy best demonstrate?

• Strengthening community action and Developing personal skills

• Creating supportive environments and Developing personal skills

• Strengthening community action and Building healthy public policy

• Creating supportive environments and Building healthy public policy