Intro to Adult MSD

It requires the integrity and integration of numerous neurocognitive, neuromotor, neuromuscular, and musculoskeletal activities.

The parts of the nervous system that control voluntary movement are known collectively as the

This allows thought to be turned into movement, whether it is moving a hand, a leg, or the tongue.

can be defined as speech disorders resulting from neurologic impairments affecting the planning, programming, control, or execution of speech

a collective name for a group of neurologic speech disorders that reflect abnormalities in the strength, speed, range, steadiness, tone, or accuracy of movements required for the breathing, phonatory, resonatory, articulatory, or prosodic aspects of speech production."

It is NOT:

• a language disorder like aphasia

• a cognitive disorder like dementia

• a result of abnormal anatomical structure like cleft palate

• a sensory loss like deafness

• a psychological disturbance

It is a deficit in the ability to create accurate phoneme sequences that have the correct timing and placement of articulatory movements.

It is a disorder in the ability to time-sequence the motor commands needed to move the articulators smoothly and accurately from one position to another during the production of voluntary speech

“The first thing was the tail end of some words were kind of slurred, like I wasn’t enunciating properly. Over the last 4 weeks I have had trouble moving food in my mouth and an increase in speech problems.”

It is caused by impairments of the lower motor neurons in the cranial or spinal nerves (Freed, 2020)