PTAP130 Medical Emergencies

Which of the following is TRUE about diabetes mellitus type 1?

• Typically diagnosed age 45+

• Caused by autoimmune response that damages pancreas

• Caused by obesity induced insulin resistance

• 90-95% of all cases of DM

Which of the following is TRUE regarding hypoglycemia?

• Defined as blood glucose >180-200 mg/dl

• May result in ketoacidosis and diabetic coma

• Early symptoms include excessive thirst and urination

• Treated with ingestion of glucose or carb-rich substance

​ Which of the following are signs and symptoms of heat STROKE?

• Profuse sweating

• Weak and rapid pulse

• Moist, pale skin

• Flushed color

What should you do in the event of heat injury?

• Call 911 if signs consistent with heat stroke

• Place person in shade

• Remove clothing and place cool compress at neck, groin

• All of these are correct

You should lay the patient flat and elevate feet for all of the following EXCEPT?

• Orthostatic hypotension

• Heat exhaustion

• Autonomic dysreflexia

• Hypovolemic shock

You would call EMS for all of the following scenarios EXCEPT?

• Dyspnea & cyanosis

• Diabetic patient with fruity breath and confusion

• Seizure lasting >5 minutes

• Allergic reaction with itchy skin and watery eyes

Which of the following is the correct definition of orthostatic hypotension?

• Decrease in systolic pressure by 20 mm Hg or more + decrease in diastolic blood pressure by 10 mm Hg or more

• Decrease in systolic pressure by 10 mm Hg or more + decrease in diastolic blood pressure by 20 mm Hg or more

• Increase in systolic pressure by 20 mm Hg or more + increase in diastolic blood pressure by 10 mm Hg or more

• Increase in systolic pressure by 10 mm Hg or more + increase in diastolic blood pressure by 20 mm Hg or more

The following are MOST LIKELY signs and symptoms of which emergent diagnosis?

impaired balance, blurred vision, facial drooping, arm or leg weakness, speech difficulty, headache

• Concussion

• Stroke

• Heat stroke

• Diabetic coma

Which is TRUE of autonomic dysreflexia?

• Occurs with spinal cord injury at or below T6

• Associated with severe hypertension

• Treated with laying patient flat and elevating legs

• Commonly caused by poorly fitting hat