Unit 6-5 B Vocabulary

A protocol with a set of rules that allows networked hosts to communicate data in a structured format. Used to perform logical addressing and data forwarding functions on most networks.

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Provides packet addressing and routing within a network of networks. For data to be sent from one IP network to another, it must be forwarded by an intermediate system (a router).

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 Determines how each host manages multiple connections for different application layer protocols at the same time.

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Guarantees connection-oriented forwarding of packets. It can identify and recover from lost or out-of-order packets.

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Provides unreliable, connectionless forwarding. UDP is faster and comes with less of a transmission overhead because it does not need to send extra information to establish reliable connections. Used with streaming videos.

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Contains protocols that perform some high-level function, rather than simply addressing hosts and transporting data.

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Responsible for putting frames onto the physical network.

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Allows a host to query which MAC address is associated with an IP address.

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The core protocol in TCP/IP is the Internet Protocol (IP), which provides network and host addressing and packet forwarding between networks. It uses IPv4 as a header. IPv4 is 32 bits long and grouped into octets.

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An IPv6 address is a 128-bit number and so can express exponentially more address values that the 32-bit number used in IPv4. Written in hexadecimal and was developed to succeed IPv4.

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