Nervous System

1.      What are the three types of neurone?

• Sensory, reflex, and motor neurones

• Sensory, relay, and motor neurones

• Sensory, relay, and effector neurones

• Sensory, connector, and afferent neurones

What makes up the central nervous system (CNS)?

• The spinal cord and all the neurones in the body

• The brain and all the neurones in the body

• The brain and spinal cord

• The brain and cranial neurones

Which of the following represents the order during a neurone response?

• Receptor – stimulus – coordinator – effector – response

• Response – receptor – coordinator – effector – stimulus

• Stimulus – receptor – coordinator – effector – response

• Coordinator – stimulus - receptor – effector - response  

Which structure is functioned to speed up the conduction of nerve impulses?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Which of the following tables correctly summarizes the main types of neurones and their functions?

• 
• 
• 
• 

Which of the following option describe the event that bring about the changes in membrane potential shown in point 2?

• Voltage-gated sodium ion channels open allowing more sodium ions to enter the axon.

• Voltage-gated potassium ion channels open allowing more potassium ions to exit the axon

• Both of the voltage-gated sodium ion channels and voltage-gated potassium ion channels closed preventing the next action potential to be generated.

• Both of the voltage-gated sodium ion channels and voltage-gated potassium ion channels closed allowing sodium ions to enter the axon from sodium leak channels.

Depolarization occurs because...

• Potassium ions continue to diffuse out of the cell after the inactivation gates of the voltage-gated sodium ion channels begin to close.

• The extra of potassium ions causes the membrane potential to become slightly more positive than the resting value.

• The increased potassium ion permeability lasts slightly longer than the time required to bring the membrane potential back to its resting level.

• More sodium ions diffuse into the cell than potassium ions diffuse out of it.

Repolarization occurs because...

• Potassium ions continue to diffuse out of the cell after the inactivation gates of the voltage-gated sodium ion channels begin to close.

• The extra efflux of potassium ions causes the membrane potential to become slightly more positive than the resting value.

• The increased potassium ion permeability lasts slightly longer than the time required to bring the membrane potential back to its resting level.

• More sodium ions diffuse into the cell than potassium ions diffuse out of it.

Hyperpolarization occurs because...

• Potassium ions continue to diffuse out of the cell after the inactivation gates of the voltage-gated sodium ion channels begin to close.

• The extra efflux of potassium ions causes the membrane potential to become slightly more positive than the resting value.

• The increased potassium ion permeability lasts slightly longer than the time required to bring the membrane potential back to its resting level.

• More ions diffuse into the cell than potassium ions diffuse out of it.

After the passage of the action potential, the sodium-potassium pump reestablishes the resting membrane potential.

• True

• False