EMT 32

A pillow is frequently used to splint an ankle or foot injury. It is effective, rapid, and can be used for most patients. Its main weakness is:

• you might not have a pillow on your ambulance.

• it is hard to access distal pulses after application.

• it requires three people to apply.

• you are not immobilizing the knee and the joint adjacent to the ankle.

A new EMT who is treating a suspected femur injury asks his partner, "How much traction should I pull?" The partner's best reply is which of the following?

• No traction splint applied in the field pulls true traction; they must pull 20 pounds of countertraction.

• The amount of traction applied should be 15 pounds.

• The amount of traction applied should be roughly 10% of the patient's body weight and not exceed 15 pounds.

• Pull enough traction to give the patient some relief from the pain.

When the EMT is assessing compromise to an extremity, perhaps due to an orthopedic injury, the EMT should initially check what "six Ps"?

Select one:

• Pain, pallor, position, pulses, placement, and pressure

• Pain, pallor, paresthesia, pulses, paralysis, and pressure

• Pain, pallor, position, pulses, placement, and pad

• Pain, pallor, paresthesia, pulses, placement, and pressur

Which one of the following statements is not true?

Select one:

• Cartilage is connective tissue that covers the outside of the bone end and acts as a surface for articulation.

• Ligaments are connective tissues that connect bone to bone.

• Tendons are bands of connective tissue that bind the ligaments to muscles.

• Muscles are the tissues or fibers that cause movement of body parts or organs.

Which of the following is not a benefit of splinting an injury to bones and connective tissues?

Select one:

• It restricts blood flow to the site of the injury to prevent swelling.

• It may prevent a closed injury from becoming an open injury.

• It reduces pain.

• It prevents neurological damage due to movement of bone ends or fragments.

Which of the following is not a principle of splinting that must be considered by the EMT?

• Immobilize the site of an extremity injury from the joint above it to the joint below it.

• Check the distal neurovascular function before and after splinting.

• Splint an isolated extremity injury before moving the patient to the stretcher.

• Gently replace protruding bone ends back beneath the skin to prevent further contamination.

You are treating a 16-year-old skateboarder who has fallen at the skate park. She has an angulated left forearm that she has in a guarded position. When do you splint this injury?

• During the secondary exam

• En route to the hospital

• During the primary exam

• Immediately

Which of the following statements is not true?

Select one:

• A greenstick break is an incomplete break in a bone.

• An angulated break is when the broken bone segments are at an angle to one another.

• A fracture is any break in a bone.

• A comminuted break is when a bone is broken in only one place.

Which of the following best describes the compartment syndrome?

A serious condition caused by the amount of equipment that must be carried in the ambulance compartments

• A serious condition caused by the bleeding and swelling from a fracture or crush injury that becomes so strong that the body can no longer perfuse the tissues against that pressure

• A non-life-threatening condition caused by orthopedic injuries in which blood flow is stopped when the bone ends compress the blood vessels

• A life-threatening condition caused by trapping the blood flow by a fracture when the bone ends cut the blood vessels

• A serious condition caused by the amount of equipment that must be carried in the ambulance compartments

Which of the following allows for smooth movement of bone surfaces against one another at joints?

• Cartilage

• Smooth muscle

• Tendons

• Ligaments