Endocrine System

Endocrine glands

• hyposecretion of cortisol; weak, low BP, bronze, weight loss
• ductless glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream
• Symptoms include excessive urination, thirst, and hunger. There are two types of diabetes.
• A sex hormone, secreted in greater amounts by females than by males. Promotes the growth of the uterine lining and prevents uterine muscle contractions.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Hormone

• A hormone secreted by the pancreas that increases blood glucose in the blood.
• Male reproductive organ; produce the sperm cells and sex hormone testosterone.
• A sex hormone, secreted in greater amounts by females than by males. Stimulates uterine lining growth and promotes development of the female secondary sexual characteristics.
• Chemical messenger sent to many parts of the body; produce a specific effect on target cell or organ.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Hypothalamus

• The posterior part of the pituitary gland; an endocrine gland that contains hormone-secreting terminal buttons of axons whose cell bodies lie within the hypothalamus
• Chemical messenger sent to many parts of the body; produce a specific effect on target cell or organ.
• Symptoms include excessive urination, thirst, and hunger. There are two types of diabetes.
• Regulates anterior pituitary hormones.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Anterior Pituitary Gland

• the anterior part of the pituitary gland; an endocrine gland whose secretions are controlled by the hypothalamic hormones.
• butterfly-shaped gland located below larynx in the neck; produces hormones that regulate metabolism, body heat, and calcium absorption in bone.
• Pair of glands on top of kidneys; composed of medulla & cortex. Hormones: Increase blood glucose concentration and break down protein. Promotes reabsorption of sodium and water by the kidneys. Produce epinephrine and norepinephrine (regulate short term stress response). Promotes sexual characteristics in males.
• results when the pancreas produces insulin, but not enough to meet the needs of the body. This type of diabetes is linked with obesity and is most common in adults over the age of 45. Treatment may involve oral medication, exercise, weight loss, and insulin injections.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Human Growth Hormone (HGH)

• A sex hormone, secreted in greater amounts by females than by males. Stimulates uterine lining growth and promotes development of the female secondary sexual characteristics.
• the hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland; stimulates cell reproduction and growth that affect muscle, bone and fat cells.
• ductless glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream
• device for measuring blood glucose levels from a drop of blood obtained by a fingerstick

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

Thyroid Gland

• butterfly-shaped gland located below larynx in the neck; produces hormones that regulate metabolism, body heat, and calcium absorption in bone.
• hypercortisolism; central obesity, neck and upper back fat= buffalo hump, moon face; DM associated because of BS and central obesity
• Secreted by the Anterior Pituitary Gland. Causes ovulation; stimulates the secretion of progesterone by the corpus luteum. Causes the secretion of testosterone in the testes.
• results when the pancreas does not produce any insulin. This type of diabetes may occur at any age but it is usually diagnosed early in life. Treatment involves the injection of insulin on a regular basis.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

• Secreted by the Posterior Pituitary Gland; stimulates contraction of the uterus and release of milk from mammary glands.
• Secreted by Anterior Pituitary Gland; stimulates production of ova and sperm from the ovaries and testes.
• results when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin. The exact cause is not known.
• Female reproductive organ; produce the egg cells and sex hormones estrogen and progesterone.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

luteinizing hormone (LH)

• Secreted by the Anterior Pituitary Gland. Causes ovulation; stimulates the secretion of progesterone by the corpus luteum. Causes the secretion of testosterone in the testes.
• The posterior part of the pituitary gland; an endocrine gland that contains hormone-secreting terminal buttons of axons whose cell bodies lie within the hypothalamus
• results when the pancreas produces insulin, but not enough to meet the needs of the body. This type of diabetes is linked with obesity and is most common in adults over the age of 45. Treatment may involve oral medication, exercise, weight loss, and insulin injections.
• Female reproductive organ; produce the egg cells and sex hormones estrogen and progesterone.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Prolactin (PRL)

• Small gland that secretes digestive enzymes into small intestine and hormones
• results when the pancreas produces insulin, but not enough to meet the needs of the body. This type of diabetes is linked with obesity and is most common in adults over the age of 45. Treatment may involve oral medication, exercise, weight loss, and insulin injections.
• Secreted by the Anterior Pituitary Gland; stimulates milk production from mammary glands.
• Secreted by Anterior Pituitary Gland; stimulates production of ova and sperm from the ovaries and testes.

posterior pituitary gland

• the hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland; stimulates cell reproduction and growth that affect muscle, bone and fat cells.
• The posterior part of the pituitary gland; an endocrine gland that contains hormone-secreting terminal buttons of axons whose cell bodies lie within the hypothalamus
• A hormone synthesized in the pancreas that regulates blood sugar levels by the uptake of glucose (lowering blood glucose) into the body cells.
• A sex hormone, secreted in greater amounts by females than by males. Promotes the growth of the uterine lining and prevents uterine muscle contractions.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3