Unit 8 Review

Which philosopher of the Enlightenment is connected to his defense of free speech?

• Montesquieu

• Blackstone

• Voltaire

• Wollstonecraft

Thomas Hobbes believed that the social contract entailed an exchange of rights for -

• an assurance of economic prosperity for all

• the commitment of a ruler to be considerate

• a strong central government's ability to maintain stability

• a promise for the defense of individual rights

Both the French and American revolutionaries published declarations of independence. What concept found in these documents was used to justify revolution?

• Governments are inherently corrupt and oppressive.

• Governments are established to protect citizen’s rights.

• Government power should be divided between different groups.

• Government should provide for the economic welfare of citizens.

By signing the Magna Carta, King John created which legal precedent in England?

• Judges may not impose cruel punishments.

• There can be no leader who is above the law.

• Individuals accused of a crime have a right to bail.

• The chief executive has the right to veto legislation.

Both the Magna Carta and the English Bill of Rights had an impact on the American government because both documents contained ideas about —

• the creation of colonial assembles

• the defense of individual rights

• the power of government to make a social contract

• the right to declare independence from an unjust ruler

King John of England was compelled to sign the Magna Carta in 1215, which established the notion that —

• feudalism had come to an end

• individuals are born with natural rights

• The people under a ruler have rights.

• freedom of religion should be protected

What effect does the Bill of Rights have on American society?

• U.S. citizens are free from any government intervention in their lives.

• U.S. citizens are guaranteed specific legal protections.

• U.S. citizens are provided employment opportunities.

• U.S. citizens are obligated to vote during elections.

Three branches of government were established by the authors of the U.S. Constitution. Which constitutional principle does this illustrate?

• Individual rights

• Federalism

• Control of the media

• Separation of powers

Enlightenment philosophers challenged the divine right of kings when they proposed the idea of —

• the nation-state

• a fair working wage

• a social contract

• female political participation

How did the Enlightenment contribute to the growth of democratic-republican government?

• Many Enlightenment philosophers argued for violent revolutions.

• The power of the Catholic Church was strengthened in response to Enlightenment ideas.

• During the Enlightenment, new concepts about individual rights were introduced.

• Enlightenment thinkers supported the advances made by absolute monarchs.