BIOL1307 Chapter 35

The difference between invertebrate & vertebrate nervous systems is that invertebrate nerve cords are ventral, vertebrate spinal cords are dorsal. True or false?

• True

• False

Which of the following is a function of glial cells?

• Guide developing neurons to their destinations

• Buffer ions and chemicals harmful to neurons

• Grow myelin sheath wrappings around axons

• Respond to neuron activity/Modulate communication between neurons

• All of the above

1 process branches into 2 distinct structures; sensory neurons that connect to sensors and transmit to the spinal cord

• Unipolar

• Bipolar

• Multipolar

• Pseudounipolar

most common; 1 axon but multiple dendrites; found in CNS, like the Purkinje cells in the cerebellum

• Unipolar

• Bipolar

• Multipolar

• Pseudounipolar

2 extensions (1 axon and 1 dendrite) away from the soma; in retina receives signals from photoreceptor cells & transmits to optic nerves

• Unipolar

• Bipolar

• Multipolar

• Pseudounipolar

only 1 axon extends away from the soma; in insects, these stimulate muscles or glands

• Bipolar

• Unipolar

• Multipolar

• Pseudounipolar

periodic gaps in the myelin sheath where the signal is “recharged” as it travels along the axon

• Oligodendrocytes

• Dendrites

• Nodes of Ranvier

• Synapse

Match the following

• neuron cell body

• Soma

• integrates signals from multiple synapses and serves as a junction between the cell body and an axon

• Axon Hillock

• extend away from the cell body to receive messages from other neurons at specialized junctions

• Axon

• the tube-like structure that propagates the integrated signal to specialized endings

• Myelin Sheath

• fat insulator to minimize the dissipation of the electrical signal as it travels down the axon

• Dendrites

Match the following

• Peripheral sensory and motor nerves

• Neurons

• provide support functions for the neurons by playing an information processing role that is compleme

• The PNS contains:

• The brain and spinal cord

• Glial Cells

• specialized cells that can receive and transmit chemical or electrical signals

• The CNS contains:

Label the parts of the neuron:

e

f

g

h

d

c

b

a

Dendrite

Myelin sheath

Cell membrane

Axon

Cell body/Soma

Synapse

Oligodendrocyte

Node of Ranvier