Biology Chapters 16, 17, and 18 Quizizz

What did Darwin notice about the organisms that lived in an environment?

• They are organized into clades.

• They seemed well suited for surviving in the environments in which they lived.

• In a small population, individuals that carry a specific allele may leave more descendants than other individuals leave.

• If a population is not evolving, allele frequencies in its gene pool do not change.

Answer explanation

Darwin noticed that individuals that lived in an environment seemed wll suited for surviving in the environments in which they lived.

For example, the tortaises from Isabela Island have short necks that are well suited for the abundant vegetation that is close to the ground on Isabela Island. The tortoises on Hood Island had long necks and legs to reach the island's sparse, high vegetation.

The species of finches that Darwin found on the different Galapagos Islands varied in what structural adaptation?

• Feet

• Wings

• Beaks

• Feathers

Answer explanation

The species of finches that Darwin found on different Galapagos Islands had different shaped beaks.

Darwin made the observation that all of the finches on all the different islands must have been ____________?

• large flightless birds that lived far apart.

• different shell shapes and different neck lengths.

• fossils.

• descendants from a common ancestor.

Answer explanation

Darwin made the observation that all the finches on all the different islands must have been descendants from a common ancestor.

Why did the adaptations of neck length and shell shape of tortoises occur?

• To help the animal survive and thrive in their particular environment.

• To see that fossils were similar to living species.

• To establish genetic relationships.

• That selective breeding occurred.

Answer explanation

The tortoises on the Galapagos Islands adapted to help the tortoises survive and thrive in their particular environment.

Darwin's Theory of Natural Selection meant that survival of the individuals best adapted for their environment was because _________________?

• they can increase the genetic variation.

• copies can serve as templates to make still more copies.

• they posessed inherited adaptations that maximized fitness.

• adapations developed through use.

Answer explanation

Darwin's Theory of Natural Selection meant that survival of the individuals best adapted for their environment was because they posessed inherited adaptations that maximized fitness.

The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its specific environment is called ______________?

• genes

• fitness

• mitochondrial DNA

• systematics.

Answer explanation

The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its specific environment is called fitness. Individuals who have high fitness will have the best adaptations for their environment.

What is the ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its specific environment?

• phylogeny

• cladistics

• Beagle

• fitness

Answer explanation

Fitness is the ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its specific environment.

Who proposed that all species are descended from a common ancestor?

• Carl Linnaeus

• Charles Darwin

• Thomas Malthus

• Jean-Baptiste Lamarck

Answer explanation

Charles Darwin proposed that all species are descended from a common ancestor.

What type of selection occurs when individuals at only one end of a bell curve of have a higher fitness than individuals in the middle or the other end of the curve?

• Stabilizing selection

• Disruptive selection

• Directional selection

• Artifical selection

Answer explanation

Directional selection is when individuals at one end of the curve (phenotype) have higher fitness than individuals in the middle or other end of the curve.

What type of selection occurs when individuals near the center of the curve have higher fitness than individuals on either end?

• Stabilizing selection

• Disruptive selection

• Directional selection

• Artificial selection

Answer explanation

Stabilizing selection occurs when individuals near the center of the curve have higher fitness than individuals on either end.