Science Year 4- Review for MS2 Exam (P1)

What is Earth’s crust made of?

• igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic.

• rock, including boulders, cliffs, stones and pebbles

• plant matter, soil and mineral

How do igneous rocks form?

• formed either underground or above ground

• formed by drifting sediment that sinks to the bottom of lakes and oceans.

• formed from existing rocks that have changed over time due to heat, chemical action and/or extreme pressure.

some examples of igneous rock

• slate, quartzite, granulite

• Granite, Basalt

• limestone, sandstone, chalk and coal

How do sedimentary rocks form?

• form when volcanoes erupt

• formed when hot melted rock, known as magma, becomes trapped in small

• formed by drifting sediment that sinks to the bottom of lakes and oceans

some examples of sedimentary rock

• limestone, sandstone, chalk and coal

• Granite, Basalt

• slate, quartzite, granulite

How do metamorphic rocks form?

• form either underground or above ground

• formed by drifting sediment that sinks to the bottom of lakes and oceans

• formed from existing rocks that have changed over time due to heat, chemical action and/or extreme pressure

examples of metamorphic rock.

• slate, quartzite, granulite

• Granite

  Basalt

• limestone, sandstone, chalk and coal

What are strata?

• plant matter, soil and mineral

• solid layers of rock

• hot melted rock

What is sediment?

• metamorphic rock

• tiny particles, it can be plant matter, soil and mineral

• solid layers of rock

How do earthquakes occur?

• Earthquakes occur when the plates bump into, move away, or slide under each other.

• massive pieces of rock that make up the top layer (crust) of our planet and “float” on top of a layer of molten rock.

• Earthquakes are caused by rain, wind and ice, as well as heat expansion and heat contraction.