Formal Sociology Quiz #2 Chs 3-4

The introduction of personal computers into American society influenced the means by which people communicate. Which of the following characteristics of culture does this illustrate?

• Culture is learned.

• Culture is transmitted from one generation to the next.

• Culture is shared.

• Culture is adaptive and always changing.

Tags

Cultural Adaptation

Which of the following are examples of nonmaterial culture? (select all that apply)

• Knocking before entering someone's room.

• A belief that ghosts exist.

• Music created by a popular artist

• A law that criminalizes theft

Tags

Nonmaterial Culture

Which statement is true regarding norms?

• They are always explicit.

• They change over time.

• Most are written down.

• They are all equally important.

Tags

Norms

Which of the following most accurately defines a symbol?

• Anything that stands for something else and has a particular meaning for people who share a culture.

• A formally defined norm about what is permissible or illegal.

• Norms that involve everyday customs, practices, and interaction.

• A formal and repeated behavior that unites people.

Tags

Symbols

What type of norms do members of a society consider very important because they maintain moral and ethical behavior?

• sanctions.

• standards.

• mores.

• values.

Tags

Mores

Cultural universals are ________.

• customs and practices that are common to all societies.

• the beliefs, values, and norms that people say they hold or follow.

• groups within society that have distinctive norms, values, or beliefs.

• deliberate, formal, and enforceable norms.

Tags

Cultural Universals

When do countercultures usually emerge?

a. see their way of life as the best and the most natural

b. believe that no culture is better than another and should be judged by its own standards

c. experience confusion, disorientation, or anxiety when exposed to an unfamiliar way of life

d. believe they cannot achieve their goals within the existing society

• when people see their way of life as the best and the most natural.

• when people believe that no culture is better than another and should be judged by its own standards.

• when people experience confusion, disorientation, or anxiety when exposed to an unfamiliar way of life.

• when people believe they cannot achieve their goals within the existing society.

Tags

Counterculture

Popular culture refers to ___________.

• the cultural expression of a society's highest social classes.

• the beliefs, practices, activities, and products that are widespread among a population.

• forms of communication designed to reach large numbers of people, which have enormous power in shaping public behavior,

• the coexistence of several cultures in the same geographic area, without one culture dominating another,

Tags

Pop Culture

What is the process used to create new things, such as fax machines, toothpaste, and DVDs known as?

• discovery.

• diffusion.

• invention.

• innovation.

Tags

Invention

Which of the following views about culture is characteristic of functionalism?

• Culture is the cement that binds society.

• Culture creates inequality between the media and the political structures of society.

• Material culture, especially the media, creates inequalities specifically for women.

• Cultural symbols reinforce the boundaries set by different cultures.

Tags

Functionalism