D1.1 IB BIo DNA Replication, PCR & Gel Electrophoresis

What does the term "semiconservative" mean in DNA replication?

• Both strands are new

• DNA is partially replicated

• One strand is from the original molecule, one is newly synthesized

• DNA replicates in segments

Which enzyme breaks hydrogen bonds during DNA replication?

• Ligase

• DNA polymerase

• Helicase

• Topoisomerase

In which direction does DNA polymerase synthesize the new strand?

• 3′ to 5′

• 5′ to 3′

• Random directions

• Depends on the template strand

What is the function of DNA polymerase in replication?

• Unzipping the DNA double helix

• Adding nucleotides to form a new strand

• Breaking down RNA primers

• Joining fragments of DNA

What ensures base pairing specificity during DNA replication?

• Enzyme shape

• Size of bases

• Hydrogen bonding

• Phosphodiester bonds

What type of reaction forms the sugar-phosphate backbone in DNA?

• Hydrolysis

• Condensation

• Oxidation

• Neutralization

Which component is not required for DNA replication?

• Free nucleotides

• RNA primers

• DNA helicase

• Ribosomes

What is a replication fork?

• The place where RNA is translated

• The Y-shaped area where DNA is split into two strands

• A tool used in gel electrophoresis

• The enzyme that binds nucleotides

What role do template strands play in replication?

• They serve as the new DNA strand

• They guide complementary base pairing

• They break down the old DNA

• They repair mismatches

Which of the following bases pairs with adenine in DNA?

• Guanine

• Cytosine

• Uracil

• Thymine