separation and experimental techniques

Apparatus used for heating small quantity of chemicals

• Beaker

• Flask

• Test tube

• Gas jar

• A

• B

• C

• D

What do the boiling chips do?

• stop water from boiling

• maintain the temperature of the mixture

• smoothen the boiling

• condense the hot vapour

Answer explanation

Boiling chips are small pieces of an inert material, such as ceramic or glass, that are added to a liquid when boiling. They help to reduce the amount of foaming and boiling over that can occur when boiling liquids. The chips also help to reduce the amount of energy needed to maintain a boil, as they act as nucleation sites for the formation of bubbles. This helps to reduce the amount of energy needed to keep the liquid boiling.

How many inks are pure?

• 0

• 1

• 4

• 3

Which of the following substances cannot be collected via crystallisation?

• NaCl

• CuSO₄

• KNO₃

• Sugar

Referring to the chromatogram, black ink contains

• Blue, red and yellow ink only

• Blue, red, yellow and green ink

• Blue and yellow ink

• Black ink only

How do you determine if a substance is pure?

• It is clear

• It boils only at 120°C

• It does not change colour

• It has a definite/fixed boiling point

Answer explanation

To determine if a substance is pure, you can use a variety of analytical techniques. These techniques include spectroscopy, chromatography, and titration. Spectroscopy is used to measure the absorption of light by a sample and can be used to identify the presence of impurities. Chromatography is used to separate components of a mixture and can be used to identify the presence of impurities. Titration is used to measure the concentration of a substance in a solution and can be used to determine the purity of a substance.

How many inks are MIXTURES?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Which ink is a mixture?

• Blue

• Red

• Yellow

• Black

The diagram shows the apparatus for separating soil and water. What are the labelled parts?

• A = distillate, B = filtrate
• A = filtrate, B = residue
• A = residue, B = filtrate
• A = residue, B = distillate