Unit 3: Cells & Cell Transport

Which process describes the ATP-requiring movement of extremely large substances out of a cell in pockets called vesicles?

• exocytosis

• endocytosis

• passive transport

• phagocytosis

Answer explanation

Exocytosis. Large substances that are too large to pass through membrane proteins are removed or taken in, inside of vesicles. This requires ATP.

What is the function of the organelle identified as #6 in the picture (it is mostly brown, folded over, and is in the lower right part of the cell)?

• packages proteins for transport out of the cell

• houses the cells DNA

• house the digestive enzyme

• movement

Answer explanation

The Golgi apparatus is identified and it packages proteins for transport out of the cell.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Homeostasis will be MOST affected by the removal of the

• cell wall

• vacoule

• chloroplast

• cell membrane

Answer explanation

The cell membrane decides what comes in and goes out of the cell. If it was removed, waste, liquids, or germs could get in and disrupt the cell’s homeostasis. The other answer choices would affect the cell’s homeostasis on a smaller level.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Which organelle, found in this plant cell, breaks down sugars for cellular energy?

• nucleus

• ribosomes

• chromosomes

• mitochondria

Answer explanation

The mitochondria is the site of cellular respiration, where glucose is broken down to produce usable energy. All eukaryotic cells have mitochondria.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

NGSS.MS-LS1-7

Which cell process requires energy expenditure?

• facilitated diffusion

• phagocytosis

• passive transport

• osmosis

Answer explanation

Phagocytosis. Phagocytosis is better known as the process of "cell eating." It is an active process of taking in large quantities of material and requires energy.

Close

The cell is taking in substances through membrane proteins, without any energy expenditure of its own. The substances naturally follow their concentration gradient. However, they must go through the protein channels, because they are too large to squeeze through the cell membrane. This process is called

• active transport.

• endoctyosis

• osmosis

• facilitated diffusion.

Answer explanation

Facilitated diffusion. This type of diffusion is known as faciliated diffusion, because the protein channels must help the substance get into the cell, based on their lock and key fit. This is important to regulating what comes in and goes out.

This cellular structure is the

• hyphae

• cell wall

• chloroplast

• cell membrane

Answer explanation

For support and protection, the cell wall is found in both plant and fungal cells. The cell wall in fungi is made of chitin; in plants, it\'s made of cellulose.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-1

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Which structure or organelle is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

• endoplasmic reticulum

• ribosomes

• mitochondria

• chloroplasts

Answer explanation

Ribosomes are common to eukaryotes, like animals, and prokaryotes, like bacteria. All of the other answer choices are possessed by eukaryotes only.

Some ions and molecules need the cell to use energy to allow them to cross the cell membrane. This type of transport is called

• active transport

• passive transport

• osmosis

• diffusion

Answer explanation

Active transport is when the cell must use energy to get molecules and ions to cross the cell membrane.

A liver cell requires energy to move vitamins from an area of low concentration, across the cell membrane, to an area of high concentration. The process used by the liver cell is called

• facilitated diffusion.

• active transport

• passive transport

• osmosis

Answer explanation

Active transport. ATP is burned to drag in the materials against their concentration gradient.