NSCI 2114 Exam 2 Review

True/False: Fiber is a carbohydrate.

• True.

• False.

Answer explanation

Yes, fiber is a polysaccharide, so it is a carbohydrate.

What hormones are secreted by the small intestine?

• Gastrin

• Secretin

• Insulin

• CCK

Answer explanation

Insulin is secreted from the pancreas, and gastrin is secreted in the stomach.

Which enzyme is part of carbohydrate digestion?

• peptidase

• protease

• lipase

• amylase

Answer explanation

Proteases and peptidases digest protein, lipases digest lipids, and amylase digests carbs! There are two types of amylase: salivary amylase, and pancreatic amylase.

What are the monosaccharides?

Answer explanation

Glucose, fructose, and galactose are the monosaccharides.

Name five GI disorders:

Answer explanation

Examples include ulcers, diverticulosis, celiac disease, gallbladder disease, and constipation.

Which of the following are examples of lipids?

• Triglycerides

• CCK

• Phospholipids

• Sterols

True/False: Saturated fatty acids have double bonds.

• True.

• False.

Answer explanation

Think of saturated fatty acids as "saturated" with hydrogens, so there is no room for double bonds. You can remember their properties with the S rule: Saturated fatty acids are Straight and Solid at room temperature.

True/False: Galactose is always found on its own.

• True.

• False.

Answer explanation

False. Remember Galactose is a monosaccharide, so it is a building block for disaccharides and other complex carbs. Galactose + glucose form the disaccharide lactose.

Healthy fasting blood glucose levels are between __-110 mg/dL.

A woman is constantly urinating and thirsty. What condition might she have?

Answer explanation

Remember the 3 P's of diabetes:

-Polyuria: constantly urinating

-Polydipsia: Constantly thirsty

-Polyphagia: Constantly hungry