Big Idea 5a

Chayanna is observing birds flying south for the winter. Which of the following statements is true?

• Birds fly by using forces to overcome gravity.

• Birds avoid gravity by flying very quickly.

• Birds fly by using heat energy to overcome gravity.

• .Birds are very light so there is no pull from gravity affecting them.

Some groups of stars seem to form a pattern in the sky. These star patterns can appear different when viewed with the aid of a telescope. Which is a way that a star pattern could appear different when viewed through a telescope?

• More stars will be observed.

• Less stars will be observed.

• The stars would appear smaller.

• The stars would appear less bright.

The Sun is a star which gives off energy. Which forms of the Sun’s energy reach the Earth?

• heat and mechanical

• . light and sound

• light and heat

• heat and electrical

Camila and Ken are both observing stars. Camila is observing the stars in the night sky and drawing a diagram. Ken is comparing and contrasting the brightness of different stars and recording her observations. Which student is doing a scientific investigation?

• neither Camila nor Ken

• both Camila and Ken

• Camila only

• Ken only

People visit Kennedy Space Center to observe rocket launches. These rockets are powerful enough to escape the effects of Earth’s gravity and reach outer space. What does this demonstrate about Earth’s gravity?

• That gravity can be overcome.

• That gravity changes from time to time.

• That gravity changes from place to place.

• That gravity is too powerful to be overcome.

A star named Sirius appears as the brightest star in the nighttime sky, even though a star named Pollux actually gives off more light. Which of the following statements best explains why Sirius appears brighter than Pollux in our nighttime sky?

• Sirius has a different color than Pollux.

• Sirius has different gases than Pollux

• Sirius is larger than Pollux

• Sirius is closer to Earth than Pollux.

Mary is observing two stars in the night sky. Mary notices that Star A appears brighter than Star B. Which most likely explains why Star A appears brighter to Mary?

• Star A is farther away from Earth than Star B.

• Star A is the same size as Star B.

• Star A is smaller than Star B.

• Star A is closer to Earth than Star B.

Pedro and Lucy are looking up into the night sky and talking about why stars appear like tiny points of light in the night sky. Which of the following explains why stars appear to be so small in the night sky?

• all stars in the night sky are very far away

• all stars are much smaller than our Sun

• in the night sky all objects look small

• stars do not give off much light

A scientist recorded data, charts, and observations in her science journal during an investigation. Later she compared her data, charts, and observations with another scientist who completed the same investigation. Why did the two scientists compare their results?

• Scientists compare their results so they do not have to repeat the investigation.

• Scientists want to make sure they have different results.

• Scientists question, discuss, and check each other’s explanations.

• Scientists will change their results after discussing each other’s explanations.

A group of students set up the demonstration below to show how stars appear from Earth.

• The Sun appears bigger from Earth than other stars because it is closest.

• The Sun appears brighter from Earth than other stars because it is the hottest.

• The Sun appears bigger from Earth than other stars because it is the brightest.

• The Sun appears brighter from Earth than other stars because it is the biggest.