Chapter 4 Formative Assessment

Genetics is the study of?

• life

• diseases

• heredity

• plants

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What are different forms of an gene called? Offspring inherit one from the female parents and one from the male parent.

• hybrids

• phenotypes

• purebreds

• alleles

In hamsters, orange fur only shows up in the organism when the white fur is not present. What type of allele is the orange fur?

• recessive

• incomplete dominance

• dominant

• codominant

In mice, gray fur is dominant to white fur. If you cross a homozygous dominant male with a heterozygous female, what is the percentage change their offspring's genotype will be heterozygous?

• 25%

• 50%

• 75%

• 100%

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What is an organism's physical appearance, or visible traits?

• genotype

• mutations

• phenotype

• genetic makeup

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Why do organisms undergo meiosis?

• to make sex cells with half as many chromosomes

• to make body cells for growth and development

• to make cells to repair damaged cells

• to make identical cells

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The process of meiosis starts with how many cell(s)? Finishes with how many cell(s)?

• 2,4

• 1,2

• 4,1

• 1,4

Proteins are made up of a chain of smaller molecules that are known as?

• amino acids

• glucose

• nucleic acids

• ATP

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The messenger RNA (mRNA) order of nitrogen bases reads AUGGCGGGUUGA. Use the codon chart to find the correct order of the amino acids?

• tyrosine--alanine--phenylalanine--STOP

• methionine--arginine--proline--STOP

• methionine--alanine--glycine--STOP

• tyrosine--arginine--histidine--STOP

This fish has mutated DNA that causes its scales to be ultra colorful and bright, causing it to be easily spotted by birds that eat them. What kind of effect does this mutation have?

• harmful mutation

• neutral mutation

• helpful mutation

• fish mutation

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