Natural Hazards

____________ is a shaking of the Earth's crust due to crustal plate movements.

• flooding

• volcanic

• earthquake

• drought

Earthquakes are commonly associated with

• faults

• landslides

• pyroclastic flows

• tsunamis

pyroclastic flows (check all that apply)

• fast - impossible to outrun

• very slowly, easy to avoid

• relatively cool

• incredibly hot

Which statement about predicting volcanic eruptions is true?

• Scientists can predict the strength of the volcanic eruptions. They cannot predict the time.

• Scientists cannot reliably predict either time or the strength of volcanic eruptions.

• Scientists can reliably predict the time and strength of volcanic eruptions.

• Scientists can predict the time of volcanic eruptions. They cannot predict the strength.

modified Mercalli scale

• uses observations to rate the amount of shaking from an earthquake

• a digital instrument used to measure earthquake waves

• a rating system that estimates the total energy released by an earthquake

• numerical rating system used to measure the amount of energy released during an earthquake

What technologies currently exists to mitigate the effects of hurricanes?

• No technology exists.

• Elevate buildings and cities; build flood walls.

• Build buildings in circles with surrounding walls.

The Hawaiian Islands are examples of volcanoes that are associated with a _______.

• convergent plate boundary

• divergent plate boundary

• hot spot

• transform plate boundary

Which statement BEST explains why the earth shakes during an earthquake?

• Cracks in the ground radiate outward from an earthquake’s origin.

• Energy is released as waves that travel and interact with the earth.

• Underground volcanic activity causes the shaking.

• Water rushes in through all the cracks caused by the earthquake.

Which of the following is NOT studied by geologists to predict volcanic eruptions?

• animal behavior

• change in shape of the volcano

• earthquake swarms

• ground deformation

rocks breaking due to stress cause

• earthquakes

• tsunamis

• pyroclastic flows

• faults