Immunity AS biology CIE

What is the name of the stem cells responsible for the production of all blood cells?

• Hematopoietic stem cells

• hematopalietic stem cells

• Hematopoetic stem cells

• Hematopaietic stem cells

Any molecule which the body recognizes as foreign, and therefore triggers an immunes response, is called...

• ...a pathogen

• ...a toxin

• ...an antigen

• ...an antibody

During an infection, some cells that are under attack release chemicals such as histamines; why?

• Histamines can directly kill the pathogen responsible for the infection

• Histamines can create pores in the surface of infected cells

• Histamines can activate the apoptosis mechanism in infected cells

• Histamines can attract nearby phagocytes

Active neutrophils have a very short life span of about 1-2 days; why?

• They get eliminated by the other cells of the immune system

• because the antimicrobial products they release might damage host tissues

• They die as part of the process of phagocytosis

• Due to endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress), caused by the intense synthesis of antimicrobial molecules

A monocyte which leaves the blood vessels and start taking a more irregular shape is called a __________

Identify the cell in the center of this light micrograph.

• Neutrophil

• Helper T cell

• Macrophage

• Plasma cell

The diagram represent the process of phagocytosis. identify the correct labels.

• 3= secretory granules

  6= cell membrane

  2= phagosome

• c= exocytosis

  4= pathogen degradation

  3= peroxysome

• c= pseudopods formation

  a= engulfing

  2= phagocytic vesicle

• 2= phagosome

  3= lysosome

  b=phagolysosome

Which white blood cells requires an antigen presenting cell (APC) in order to be activated?

• The neutrophils

• The B cell

• The macrophage

• The T cells

T cells undergo their maturation process in the ______

Why do plasma cells have a very large rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)?

• For the production of the digestive enzymes used by the lysosomes

• To increase their lifespan

• to produce large quantities of antibodies

• For the production of cytokines