Politics in the Gilded Age & Progressive Era Review

Match the following related to our lesson on Gilded Age Politics:

• Political system in which elected officials reward their supporters with government jobs

• Boss Tweed

• organizations led by a boss who controls a local political party; often corrupt

• Political Machines

• Democratic political machine that controlled NYC politics' targeted immigrants for their vote

• Spoils system/Patronage

• Notorious political boss who led Tammany Hall, filled his pockets with government money

• Tammany Hall

• created a merit-based civil service system for government jobs

• The Pendleton Service Act

Match the following relating to our lesson on Gilded Age Politics:

• federal law that regulated the railroad industry; aimed at address issues of railroad monopolies

• Inflation

• In the context of the Gilded Age, would be caused by an increase in the money supply

• Interstate Commerce Act

• Party issue; movement to reduce or keep tariff rates

• Tariff Reform

• Party issue; Debate over US currency basis to cause inflation and create more money

• Credit Mobilier Scandal

• scandal involving illegal contracts and bribes during the construction of the transcontinental RR

• Silver vs. Gold

Match the following relating to your Populism Homework:

• Political platform including income tax, regulation of railroads, and direct election of Senators.

• The Grange

• Farmers' organization formed in 1867 to promote social and economic concerns

• Populist Party Demands

• Political party in the 1890s, representing farmers, workers, and other working-class people

• Greenbacks

• Network of farmers' groups advocating for political and economic reforms

• The Farmer's Alliance

• During Civil War, U.S. issued paper money worth less than gold.

• Populist/Peoples Party

Match the following Relating tp your populism Homework:

• Famous 1896 speech by William Jennings Bryan advocating for free silver.

• Cross of Gold

• US economic depression, bankrupted railroads, depleted gold supply, 20% unemployment

• Free Silver

• Political movement calling for the unrestricted coinage of silver to increase the money supply.

• Knights of Labor

• Advocated 8-hour work day, worker ownership of industries, during Industrial Revolution.

• Omaha Platform

• Political agenda in 1892 demanding economic and political reforms for farmers and workers.

• Panic of 1893

Match the following on our lesson about the Progressive Era:

• Black educator and leader who advocated for self-help, economic improvement, and accommodation

• Ida Tarbell

• African American journalist who documented lynching and fought for racial justice

• Muckrakers

• journalists who exposed corruption and social problems in early 1900s America.

• WEB Dubois

• Muckraking journalist who exposed Standard Oil's abuses of power and monopolistic practices

• Ida B. Wells

• Black intellectual, scholar, and activist who co-founded the NAACP and advocated for equal rights.

• Booker T. Washington

Match the following terms from our lesson on the Progressive Era:

• Social reform movement advocating for the prohibition of alcohol

• Temperance Movement

• social reformer who co-founded Hull House and advocated for social justice and peace

• Jane Addams

• journalist and photographer who documented poverty and slum conditions in How the Other Half Lives

• Jacob Riis

• exposed the horrors of the meatpacking industry in The Jungle

• Suffrage Movement

• Women's rights movement advocating for the right to vote and equal political rights

• Upton Sinclair

Match the following on our lesson on the Progressive Era:

• the direct election of U.S. Senators

• 19th Amendment

• Reforms allowing citizens to propose and vote on laws, and recall elected officials.

• 17th Amendment

• prohibited the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcohol

• 18th Amendment

• granted women the right to vote

• 16th Amendment

• allows Congress to impose an income tax

• Initiative, Referendum, Recall

Match the following

• Theodore Roosevelt's progressive agenda promoting fairness, conservation, and regulation of corp.

• NAACP

• National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, founded in 1909 to promote civil rights

• Control of Corporations

• Trustbusting; enforced the Sherman Anti-Trust Act to weed out "bad" Trusts

• Square Deal

• under this pillar Teddy passed the Meat Inspection Act & Pure food and Drug Act

• Consumer Protection

• protect natural resources, establish national parks and forests, and regulate land use.

• Conservation

Lets Practice your Chronology skills!

• 1890–1920

• Antebellum Era: Differences over expansion of slavery leads to increasing sectionalism; conflict with Mexico.

• 1877–1900

• Industrial Age/ Gilded Age: Immigration, industrialization, urbanization Big business, railroads, organized labor, machine politics

• 1860–1877

• Progressive Era: Reform—urban problems; temperance; government and business corruption; women’s right to vote

• 1836–1860

• Westward Expansion: Growth in transportation and industry; Jacksonian democracy; Manifest Destiny; removal of Native Americans

• 1812–1846

• Civil War and Reconstruction: War over states’ rights to secede and emancipation; union preserved; voting rights for African Americans

Which of these describe the difference between WEB Dubiois and Booker T. Washington.

• Washington wanted to educate African Americans in trade jobs; DuBois wanted to educate the "talented tenth"

• Dubois wanted to negotiate with white leaders, but Dubois believed that total segregation was needed.

• Dubois wanted immediate equality for Blacks, while Washington wanted to use a slower approach for change

• Both sides believed in the idea of separate but equal