AP HuG 4.7-4.8

A state which unites separate political entities in an overarching system that allows subordinate entities a degree of sovereignty is known as

• unitary

• federal

• dictatorship

• democratic

Answer explanation

Fun fact, the term federal comes the Latin term for treaty or agreement, foedus.

A state in which most if not all governing power is exercised by a national, or centralized, government

• unitary

• federal

• dictatorship

• democratic

Typically, large landmass countries such as the United States or Brazil tend to be

• federal states

• unitary states

Typically, smaller landmass countries such as Spain or Egypt tend to be

• federal states

• unitary states

One exception to the rule that large countries will tend to have federal systems is

• the United States

• Brazil

• China

• Russia

the transfer of political power from the central government to subordinate or subnational levels of government

• devolution

• irredentism

• tribalism

• separatism

A famous example of devolution in modern times is

• the Berlin Conference 1884-1885

• the breakup of the Soviet Union 1991

• the annexation by the US of Hawaii 1898

• the American Civil War 1861-1865

the support for full political participation (or secession) from the larger group along cultural, ethnic, tribal, or governmental lines

• devolution

• irredentism

• tribalism

• ethnic separatism

a purposeful policy designed by one ethnic or religious group to remove by violent or terroristic means the civilian population of another ethnicity or religion from certain geographic areas

• devolution

• irredentism

• ethnic cleansing

• ethnic separatism

Examples of ethnicities that support ethnic separatism are

• the Basques of Spain

• the Shia/Sunni conflict between Saudi Arabia and Iran

• Scottish independence from the United Kingdom

• conflict between China, Vietnam, and other east Asian countries over the Malacca Strait