Lecture 3

What is the Central Dogma?

• Translation -> transcription -> Transduction

• Transcription -> Translation -> Expression

• Transcription -> Translation -> Protein

• DNA -> RNA -> Protein

What is Translation?

• Replicating DNA

• Replicating RNA

• Replicating Proteins

• Turning DNA to RNA

What are the differences between RNA and DNA

• Guanine is replaced by Cytosine and an OH group on the 2' sugar

• Thiamine is replaced by Uracil and an OH group is on the 2' sugar

• Adenine is replaced by Thiamine and an O is on the 2' sugar

• Cytosine is replaced by Uracil and a CH3 is on the 2' sugar

What are the types of RNA?

• mRNA

• tRNA

• miRNA

• shRNA

Which Strand does the RNA transcript match?

• Anti Coding

• Template

• Nontemplate

• Coding

What form of do the nucleotides take as they are inserted into a (de)oxyribonucleotide strand?

• NTP/dNTP

• NADPH/NADP+

• TGFB2/TGFBR2

• Glucoprotein/proteoglycan

What is a TATA box

• DNA sequence about -30bp of Transcription start stie on the template strand in Eukaryotes

• DNA sequence about -30bp of Transcription start site on non-template strand in Prokaryotes

• RNA mediator complex (TATA) named for its shape

• DNA sequence about +30bp of termination site in both prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

How does sigma factor work in Prokaryotes

What does RNA Polymerase II do (as separate from RNA Polymerase I and III)?

• All of the above

• Transcribes rRNA

• Transcribes mRNA, miRNA, and non-coding RNA

• Transcribes tRNA, 5S rRNA, and small RNAs

What is the transcription initiation complex

• Phosphorylated RNA polymerase II

• General transcription factors bound to a ribosome

• General transcription factors in complex with RNA polymerase II

• RNA Primase + General transcription factors