NURB 290 Exam 1 Review A

Your patient's ABGs came back and their pH is 7.31. You know that this means they are

• Normal

• Acidotic

• Alkalotic

• Basic

Interpret the ABG: pH 7.49, CO2 48, HCO3 29

• Respiratory acidosis

• Respiratory alkalosis

• Metabolic acidosis

• Metabolic alkalosis

You are the nurse precepting a student. You know that correction is needed when the nursing student lists which of the following causes of metabolic alkalosis?

• Severe vomiting

• Prolonged constipation

• Diarrhea

• Diuretics

Your patient's potassium is 3.3. Which of the following fruits could you tell them to include in their diet?

• Oranges

• Strawberries

• Blueberries

• Peaches

Which patient is at most risk for hypomagnesemia?

• A 55 year old with chronic alcoholism

• A 57 year old with hyperthyroidism

• A patient reporting overuse of antacids and laxatives

• A 25 year old suffering from hypoglycemia

Answer explanation

(Question from RegisteredNurseRN)

Remember that people with alcoholism may not be getting enough nutrients though their diet.

Which patients are at risk for fluid volume deficit?

• A patient who has been vomiting and having diarrhea for 2 days.

• A patient with continuous nasogastric suction.

• A patient with an abdominal wound vac at intermittent suction.

• All of these.

Answer explanation

(Question from RegisteredNurseRN)

A patient has hypokalemia with stable cardiac function. What would be a priority nursing intervention?

• Teaching regarding sodium restriction

• Encouraging increased fluid intake

• Monitoring for constipation

• Explaining how to take daily weights

Answer explanation

Potter, P. & Perry, A. (2020). Fundamentals of nursing. (10th ed.). Elsevier. ISBN: 9780323677721

Chapter 42 online practice question 8

A patient is admitted to the hospital with severe dyspnea and wheezing. ABG levels on admission are pH 7.26; PaO2, 68 mm Hg; PaCO2, 55 mm Hg; and HCO32, 24. How does the nurse interpret these laboratory values?

• Metabolic acidosis

• Metabolic alkalosis

• Respiratory acidosis

• Respiratory alkalosis

Answer explanation

Potter, P. & Perry, A. (2020). Fundamentals of nursing. (10th ed.). Elsevier. ISBN: 9780323677721

Chapter 42 online practice question 9

For the previous patient with respiratory acidosis, what nursing interventions might the nurse include in the plan of care?

• Teach the patient to breathe into cupped hands or a paper bag

• Remove airway obstruction

• Administer an antidiarrheal

• Administer an antiemetic

You are studying with a friend for the upcoming nursing exam. Which of the following would need correction regarding causes of metabolic acidosis?

• Constipation

• Renal failure

• Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)

• Severe diarrhea

Answer explanation

Gould's Pathophysiology for the Health Professions Study Question 14

Strategy: Diarrhea and constipation are opposites!