Unit 5 Test- heredity

The cell in the diagram is reproducing through asexual reproduction. Which prediction can you make about the bacterial cells in the diagram? 

• The DNA in the offspring cells will be identical to the parent cell’s DNA.

• Both offspring will have half of the parent cell's DNA.

• The DNA in offspring A will be different than the DNA in offspring B.

Anita buys some flowering plants from a local greenhouse. All of the plants are the same species, but some have red flowers, and some have white flowers. She plants them in her garden. In the fall, she collects the seeds from these parent plants. When the seeds from the parent plants grow the next spring, she is surprised to find that the offspring are red with white stripes.  Which statement identifies the cause of the offspring having flowers that are both red and white in color? 

• The offspring have genes that are identical to the parent plants.  

• The offspring have combinations of genes from the parent plants. 

• The plants reproduce asexually, which results in variation in the offspring.

 Caroline is explaining chromosome inheritance during sexual reproduction to her family. She starts to sketch a model that shows the number of chromosomes in each kind of human cell. What numbers should Caroline write in the blanks below cell B and C?

• B: 23 C:23

• B: 23 C:46

• B: 46 C:23

• B: 46 C:69

 Justin and Katie are siblings that have the same parents. Justin has brown hair like his father. Katie has blonde hair like her mother. Which correctly states the cause of Justin and Katie's hair color?

• Katie only inherited chromosomes from her mother.

• Katie and Justin inherited a different number of chromosomes.

• Katie inherited a gene for hair color from only one of her parents.

• Katie inherited a different combination of alleles than Justin did.

The model shows the results of an experiment carried out by Gregor Mendel to see how the trait of height is inherited in pea plants. The letters T and t on the model show the alleles of each type of plant.  What does the model show about the relationship between alleles and plant height? 

• All of the tall plants have two T alleles.

• The short plant has two recessive alleles.

• t is the dominant allele and T is the recessive allele.

• Plants that have one T allele and one t allele can be either tall or short.

Which Punnett square shows the results of a cross between two organisms that are heterozygous?

• A

• B

• C

• D

The Punnett square shown represents a cross between a Holstein bull and a Holstein cow. ​According to the Punnett square, what must be the genotypes of the parents?

• heterozygous × homozygous

• heterozygous × heterozygous

• homozygous dominant × homozygous recessive

• homozygous dominant × homozygous dominant

The biologist who is known as the father of genetics because of his work studying pea plants is 

• Einstein

• Punnett

• Mendel

Pea Blight, a disease in pea plant results when a plant is homozygous recessive for the trait (tt).  

If two pea plant parents do NOT have Pea Blight, but have pea plant offspring with the Pea Blight, what is the genotypes of the two parents?

• tt x tt

• TT x tt

• tt x Tt

• Tt x Tt

What are the alleles of highlighted box?