Ch. 1-4

The view that an action is morally right if one approves of it. (Ch. 2)

• motivism

• subjective relativism

• objectivism

• cultural relativism

The fallacy of relying on the opinion of someone thought to be an expert who is not. (Ch. 3)

• appeal to authority

• appeal to ignorance

• appeal to person

• Motivism

The theory that moral truths exist and that they do so independently of what individuals or societies think of them. (ch. 2)

• Objectivism

• subjective relativism

• cultural relativism

• motivism

The view that moral utterances are neither true nor false but are expressions of emotions or attitudes. (ch. 2)

• objectivism

• cultural relativism

• motivism

• subjective relativism

The view that an action is morally right if one's culture approves of it. (ch. 2)

• Motivism

• subjective relativism

• cultural relativism

• Objectivism

The fallacy of arguing that the absence of evidence entitles us to believe a claim. (Ch. 3)

• Appeal to person

• appeal to authority

• Appeal to ignorance

• motivism

The fallacy (also known as ad hominem) of arguing that a claim should be rejected solely because of the characteristics of the person who makes it. (Ch. 3)

• Appeal to person

• Appeal to authority

• Appeal to ignorance

• motivism

An argument is a group of statements, one of which is supposed to be supported by the rest. (ch. 3)

• True

• False

The fallacy of arguing in a circle—that is, trying to use a statement as both a premise in an argument and the conclusion of that argument. Such an argument says, in effect, p is true because p is true. (chl 3)

• argument

• begging the question

• cogent argument

• conclusion

Is a strong argument with true premises called a cogent argument or deductive argument? (Ch. 3)

• deductive argument

• cogent argument