4B - Cat. 1 STAAR Questions

Which statement describes the process of osmosis in an animal cell?

• Sugar molecules move across the plasma membrane until the cell has enough energy to grow in size and divide.

• Water molecules move across the plasma membrane until solute concentrations are equal on both sides of the membrane.

• Ions move across the plasma membrane until the inside of the cell has a higher concentration of positive charges.

• Enzymes move across the plasma membrane until the cell has completed metabolism.

Which table correctly identifies how the plasma membrane contributes to the maintenance of cellular homeostasis?

• 
• 
• 
• 

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NGSS.HS-LS1-3

A type of cellular transport is shown.

Which description best identifies this type of cellular transport?

• Active transport, because energy is being used to move molecules against the concentration gradient

• Facilitated diffusion, because energy is being used to move molecules with the concentration gradient

• Osmosis, because energy is not being used to move molecules with the concentration gradient

• Endocytosis, because energy is not being used to move molecules against the concentration gradient

The diagram shows molecules that a mitochondrion uses and produces during a cellular process. Which other molecule is a product of this process?

• DNA

• RNA

• ATP

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In a study of physical endurance, researchers observed significant increases in the heart rates and breathing rates of participants immediately after they engaged in strenuous exercise. Which statement best explains the increase in the heart rate and the breathing rate during exercise?

• The water concentration in the blood increases.

• Body cells require increased oxygen as energy is expended.

• Muscle cells increase in temperature and require fluid to reduce the temperature.

• An increase in muscle activity causes increases in glucose levels in red blood cells.

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The diagram illustrates the activity of vesicles during a cellular process.

• Delivering packaged materials to the Golgi apparatus for protein synthesis

• Exchanging genetic information between the Golgi apparatuses of separate cells

• Extracting portions of the Golgi apparatus to be regenerated for growth within the cell

• Transporting packaged molecules from the Golgi apparatus to be released out of the cell

When mammals get an infection, their internal body temperature often rises 2 to 3 degrees Celsius. The body gets the energy it needs to react to an infection by ​

• increasing the rate of cellular division

• decreasing the rate of glucose movement into the cell

• increasing the rate of cellular respiration in mitochondria

• decreasing the rate at which carbon dioxide is removed from the cell

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NGSS.HS-LS1-7

The ​ (a)   molecule synthesized by plants is a major source of energy for cellular processes in both plants and animals.

• glucose
• wax
• nucleic acid
• chlorophyll

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he picture shows a contractile vacuole of a unicellular freshwater organism. The contractile vacuole regulates the flow of water into and out of the cell in an aquatic environment.

What conditions cause the contractile vacuole to fill with water?

• The concentration of water is greater outside the cell than inside the cell.

• The temperature of water in the vacuole is higher than the temperature of its environment.

• The concentration of water inside the cell is the same as the concentration outside the cell.

• The temperature of water in the vacuole is lower than the temperature of its environment.

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NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Which type of movement across a cell’s plasma membrane requires energy supplied by ATP?

• passive transport

• simple diffusion

• active transport

• osmosis