Unit 2: Homeostasis/ Metabolism Vocabulary

Match the following

• a process in which a cell surrounds and takes in material from its environment.

• Exocytosis

•  the regulation of internal conditions despite changes in external conditions. 

• Phagocytosis

• cellular drinking; Using endocytosis to bring liquids into a cell. 

• Endocytosis

• a process in which a vacuole fuses with the cell membrane and the cell expels unwanted materials. 

• Homeostasis

• cellular eating; Using endocytosis to bring solids into a cell. 

• Pinocytosis

A type of lipid molecule that is the main component of cell membranes. They have a hydrophobic tail and hydrophilic head. 

Match the following

• the diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane.

• Concentration Gradient

• the movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

• Passive Transport

• the process by which a cell uses energy to move materials against the concentration gradient.

• Osmosis

• the movement of materials into or out of a cell without using energy. 

• Active Transport

• A difference in concentration of particles/substances on opposite sides of a membrane. 

• Diffusion

The movement of substances across a cell membrane with the aid of the proteins in the cell membrane.

• Diffusion

• Active Transport

• Passive Transport

• Facilitated Diffusion

Match the following

• having equal concentrations of solutes on both sides of a membrane. 

• Hypotonic solution

• having a higher concentration of solutes than that inside a cell. 

• Equilibrium

• having a lower concentration of solutes than that inside of a cell. 

• Hypertonic solution

• a state of balance of a system. 

• Isotonic solution

The process by which producers/autotrophs convert sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into glucose and oxygen.

The process by which organisms convert Glucose and oxygen into ATP and Carbon Dioxide

Match the following

• Any process that requires oxygen

• Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

•  Any process that does not require oxygen

• Glycolysis

• Converted into ATP by the addition of a phosphate during cellular respiration.

• Anaerobic

• principal molecule for storing and transferring energy in cells.

• Adenosine diphosphate (ADP)

• anaerobic breakdown of glucose into pyruvic acid, which produces a small amount of ATP

• Aerobic

A series of molecules, found in the inner membrane of mitochondria and chloroplasts, through which electrons pass that causes protons to build up on one side of the membrane.

• Electron Transport Chain

• Photosynthesis

• Cellular Respiration

• Fermentation

Match the following

• membrane disks within chloroplasts that contain the components for photosynthesis

• Calvin Cycle

• Aerobic cycle of reactions that convert pyruvic acid into carbon dioxide and water

• Krebs Cycle

•  Cycle of chemical reactions performed by autotrophs to convert carbon dioxide into glucose

• Stroma

• Colorless fluid surrounding the thylakoids within the chloroplast.

• Thylakoid

• Green pigment that absorbs light energy for photosynthesis

• Chlorophyll