Quiz about Ch. 6 Stars, Galaxies & the Universe Review

Question 1

The surface temperature of main-sequence stars increases as _____.

Accepted Answer

absolute brightness increases

Answer

diameter decreases

Answer

diameter increases

Answer

absolute brightness decreases.

Question 2

The Hertzsprung-Russell diagram classifies stars based on their ___ and their ___.

Accepted Answer

absolute brightness

Accepted Answer

surface temperature

Answer

distance from Earth

Answer

diameter

Answer

color

Question 3

Which of the following is part of the electromagnetic spectrum?

Accepted Answer

mircowaves

Accepted Answer

visible light

Accepted Answer

ultraviolet

Accepted Answer

infrared

Answer

soundwaves

Question 4

What is defined as the distance between wave crests?

Accepted Answer

wavelength

Answer

speed

Answer

amplitude

Answer

frequency

Question 5

According to Hubble's law, how do two galaxies at different distances from Earth compare?

Accepted Answer

The farther away the galaxy is, the faster it is moving away from us.

Answer

The closer the galaxy is to Earth, the bluer its stars are.

Answer

The closer the galaxy is, the hotter its stars are.

Answer

The farther away the galaxy is, the more dark matter it contains.

Question 6

How would you classify the Aldebaran star?

Accepted Answer

giant

Accepted Answer

red-orange

Answer

blue

Answer

white dwarf

Question 7

How would you classify the Sirius B star?

Accepted Answer

blue

Accepted Answer

white dwarf

Answer

giant

Answer

red-orange

Question 8

Which unit has a meaning that is most similar to that of the unit light-year?

Accepted Answer

A sound-second: The distance sound travels in one second

Answer

A kilowatt-hour: The amount of energy used by a device in one hour

Answer

A car-mile: The time it takes a car to travel one mile

Answer

A wheel-minute: The number of times a wheel spins in one minute

Question 9

Our sun is in an arm of the Milky Way galaxy, apparently ___ away from the center of the galaxy.

Accepted Answer

2/3

Answer

1/3

Answer

1/4

Answer

3/4

Question 10

A scientist is planning an investigation to determine the chemical composition of a distant star. Which strategy should she use?

Accepted Answer

Use a spectrograph to observe the spectrum of visible light from the star.

Answer

Use an X-ray telescope to observe the X-rays emitted by the star.

Answer

Use an optical telescope to observe the color of the star.

Answer

All the above

Question 11

According to the big bang theory, what was the big bang?

Accepted Answer

A giant explosion, after which all of the energy and matter in the universe began moving apart.

Answer

A collision between early Earth and a massive asteroid that resulted in the formation of the moon.

Answer

A giant supernova explosion that created all of the elements on Earth.

Answer

The inward collapse of a huge nebula that formed the solar system.

Question 12

Which of the following describes the evidence that supports the big bang theory?

Accepted Answer

Expansion of the universe and cosmic background radiation

Answer

Cosmic background radiation and dark energy

Answer

Expansion of the universe and dark matter

Answer

Dark energy and dark matter

Question 13

When did the big bang occur?

Accepted Answer

About 13.8 billion years ago

Answer

About 100 billion years ago

Answer

About 5 million years ago

Answer

About 4.6 billion years ago

Question 14

How do astronomers best learn about distant objects in the universe?

Accepted Answer

They collect and analyze data from their electromagnetic radiation.

Answer

They analyze rock samples from space probes.

Answer

They study nearby objects and match their properties with those of distant objects.

Answer

They analyze satellite images of objects in space.

Question 15

Which of the following shows all wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum that are used to gain information about the components of the universe?

Accepted Answer

radio, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, and X-rays

Answer

radio, infrared, and visible light

Answer

radio, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays

Answer

radio, infrared, ultraviolet, and X-rays

Question 16

How are light-years used to measure distances and sizes in the universe?

Accepted Answer

They provide smaller numbers to work with when measuring distances and sizes in the universe.

Answer

They provide easy conversion into scientific notation, unlike other units of distance and size.

Answer

They provide information about time as well as distance and size.

Answer

They provide more accuracy than using other units of distance and size.

Question 17

Stars are classified according to ___.

Accepted Answer

brightness, color, composition, size, and temperature

Answer

distance and color

Answer

size, temperature, and brightness

Answer

distance, brightness, color, composition, size, and temperature

Question 18

At what point does a star form from a nebula?

Accepted Answer

When nuclear fusion begins

Answer

When fuel runs out in the core

Answer

When gravity pulls the gas and dust of the nebula together

Answer

When the density of the nebula increases

Question 19

What factor determines how long a star lives?

Accepted Answer

Its mass

Answer

Its brightness

Answer

Its temperature

Answer

Its color

Question 20

A star is twice as massive as the sun. How will its lifespan compare?

Accepted Answer

Its lifespan will be shorter.

Answer

Its lifespan will be longer.

Answer

There is no way to tell.

Answer

Its lifespan will be the same.

Question 21

What type of star is the sun?

Accepted Answer

medium star

Answer

white dwarf

Answer

large star

Answer

giant star

Question 22

Which will the sun become when it runs out of fuel?

Accepted Answer

white dwarf

Answer

black hole

Answer

neutron star

Answer

all of the other answer choices

Question 23

A reflecting telescope is a(n) ___ that uses a ___ to gather and focus light.

Accepted Answer

optical telescope

Accepted Answer

mirror

Answer

convex lens

Answer

refracting telescope

Question 24

A refracting telescope is a(n) ___ that uses a ___ to gather and focus light.

Accepted Answer

convex lens

Accepted Answer

optical telescope

Answer

mirror

Answer

reflecting telescope

Question 25

What is the stellar evolution for a medium star?

Accepted Answer

nebula, protostar, main sequence, red giant, planetary nebula, white dwarf

Answer

protostar, nebula, main sequence, red giant, white dwarf, planetary nebula

Answer

nebula, protostar, main sequence, white dwarf, red giant, planetary nebula

Answer

nebula, protostar, main sequence, red giant, white dwarf, planetary nebula

Question 26

What is the stellar evolution for a large star?

Accepted Answer

nebula, protostar, main sequence, giant, red supergiant, supernova, neutron star/black hole

Answer

protostar, nebula, main sequence, giant, red supergiant, supernova, neutron star/black hole

Answer

nebula, protostar, main sequence, neutron star/black holegiant, red supergiant, supernova

Answer

nebula, protostar, main sequence, super giant, red supernova, giant, neutron star/black hole

Question 27

What are the colors of visible light we are able to see, in order from SHORTEST TO LONGEST wavelength?

Accepted Answer

violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange, red

Answer

red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet

Answer

green, blue, indigo, violet, red, orange, yellow

Answer

red, green, orange, blue, yellow, indigo, violet

Question 28

An optical telescope works by ___ and ___ visible light.

Accepted Answer

collecting

Accepted Answer

focusing

Answer

separating

Answer

reflecting

Question 29

Which type of numbers does scientific notation best describe?

Accepted Answer

very small or very large

Answer

large and small combined

Answer

very small only

Answer

very large only

Question 30

Which star has a greater absolute brightness: Aldebaran or Sirius B?

Accepted Answer

Aldebaran

Answer

Sirius B

Question 31

Which star is most likely to be red: Rigel, Sirius B, or Betelgeuse?

Accepted Answer

Betelgeuse

Answer

Rigel

Answer

Sirius B

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