Biology Unit 2: Cells Vocabulary

Match the following

• A thick, jelly-like material that holds a cell’s internal structures

• Vacuoles

• a small, spherical organelle that uses enzymes to digest complex molecules.

• Vesicles

• organelle that stores H2O & other important materials including salts, proteins and carbohydrates.

• Ribosome

• membrane sacs used for transporting materials within the cell.

• Lysosome

• organelle responsible for building/synthesizing proteins. Found in pro- and eukaryotes.

• Cytoplasm

a single-celled organism lacks a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles, except for ribosomes

• Eukaryote

• Prokaryote

• Nucleus

• Chloroplast

an organism whose cells have a distinct, membrane-bound control center and other membrane-bound organelles.

• Eukaryote

• Prokaryote

• Nucleus

• Chloroplast

 A thin, flexible layer that surrounds the cell, supports and protects the cell and gives it shape. 

organelle responsible for storing the cell’s DNA within the nuclear membrane, known as the nuclear envelope, separating and protecting it from the intracellular environment. 

• Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

• Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

• Nucleus

• Golgi Apparatus/ Body

A network of membranes and sacs that surround the nuclear membrane and transport molecules from one part of the cell to another. This organelle has ribosomes present and is responsible for synthesizing proteins.

• Golgi Apparatus/ Body

• Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

• Nucleus

• Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

A network of membranes and sacs that surround the nuclear membrane and transport molecules from one part of the cell to another. This organelle does not have ribosomes present and is responsible for synthesizing lipids. 

• Nucleus

• Golgi Apparatus/ Body

• Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

• Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

A system of membranes that modify proteins and lipids according to where and how they will be used in a cell.

• Golgi Apparatus/ Body

• Nucleus

• Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

• Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Organelle responsible for making energy molecules (ATP) for the cell through the process of cellular respiration.

 An organelle that is present in plants and some protists and whose primary function is to capture energy from the sun and convert CO2 and H2O to sugar.  

• Chlorophyll

• Chloroplast

• Photosynthesis

• Thylakoid