ch 4 physio

most enzymes are which type of molecule?

• nucleic acid

• protein

• carbohydrate

• lipid

• acid

a kinase moves which functional group or molecule?

• hydroxyl

• amino

• water

• phosphate

what is the definition of metabolism?

• it is a reaction in an organism that releases energy

• it is a reaction in an organism that uses energy

• it is the total of all the chemical reactions in an organism

• it is a reaction in an organism that takes large molecules and breaks them down

what are the products of glycolysis?

• 2 pyruvate, 2 ATP. 2 NADh

• 2 pyruvate, 4 ATP, 2 NADH

• 1 glucose, 4 ATP, 2 NAD+

• 2 lactate, 2 ATP, 2 NADH

What is the most abundant energy-capturing molecule produced by the citric acid cycle?

• ATP

• FADH2

• NADH

• CO2

During which process does mRNA bind to ribosomes, allowing a protein to be made?

• transcription

• translation

• glycolysis

• cross-linkage

According to the second law of thermodynamics,

• energy can be converted, but not be created nor destroyed.

• entropy decreases in living systems that are not receiving energy.

• entropy increases in living systems without the input of energy.

• the total amount of energy in the universe never changes.

activation energy is

• the energy required to bring molecules into a position where they can interact.

• required to change an endergonic reaction to an exergonic reaction.

• the energy required for an endergonic reaction.

• the energy lost or gained in a reaction.

Enzymes increase reaction rate by

• lowering the activation energy of a reaction.

• converting an endergonic reaction to an exergonic reaction

• increasing the free energy in the products.

• raising the activation energy of a reaction

An enzyme that adds or subtracts water molecules is a

• hydrolase

• lipase

• ligase

• kinase