Unit 4B Review (Magnet Bio)

________ marks the end of a gene and causes transcription to stop.

• Methionine

• A terminator

• A stop codon

• RNA ligase

Which of the following options most accurately lists the sequence of events in translation?

• codon recognition → translocation → peptide bond formation → termination

• codon recognition → peptide bond formation → termination → translocation

• codon recognition → peptide bond formation → translocation → termination

• peptide bond formation → codon recognition → translocation → termination

Which of the following options best depicts the flow of information when a gene directs the synthesis of a cellular component?

• protein → RNA → DNA

• DNA → RNA → protein

• DNA → tRNA → mRNA → protein

• RNA → DNA → RNA → protein

The feature of "sticky ends" that makes them especially useful in DNA recombination is their ability to

• bind to ribosomes and thereby activate translation.

• bind to DNA and thereby activate transcription.

• allow plasmids to attach to the main bacterial chromosome.

• form hydrogen-bonded base pairs with complementary single-stranded stretches of DNA.

Any change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA is called a

• frameshift.

• mutation.

• base substitution.

The directions for each amino acid in a polypeptide are indicated by a codon that consists of ________ nucleotides in an RNA molecule.

• five

• two

• three

• four

The enzyme that converts information stored in RNA to information stored in DNA is

• a restriction enzyme.

• reverse transcriptase.

• DNA ligase.

• RNA polymerase.

Where do transcription and translation occur in prokaryotic cells?

• in the plasma membrane

• in the cytoplasm

• in the nucleus

• in mitochondria

Which of the following is a function of a poly-A tail in mRNA?

• It helps protect the mRNA from degradation by hydrolytic enzymes.

• It indicates the site of translational termination.

• It adds the modified guanine to the 3' end of the mRNA.

• It is a sequence that codes for the binding of RNA polymerase to the DNA.

Consider the following sentence: "The dog did not eat." Which of the following variations of this sentence is most like a frameshift mutation?

• The did not eat.

• The dog did dog did not eat.

• The dod idn ote at.

• The did dog not eat.