Cellular Structure and Function Vocabulary

the basic unit of structure and organization of all living organisms

• Electron

• Atom

• Cell

• Proton

A theory that states that:

(1) organisms are made of one or more cells;

(2) cells are the basic unit of life;

(3) cells come only from other cells

• Cell Theory

• Cell Law

• Theory of Evolution

• Law of Thermodynamics

a flexible selectively permeable boundary that helps control what enters and leaves the cell

• Mitochondria

• Thylakoid Membrane

• Cytoskeleton

• Plasma Membrane

a cell without a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles

• Prokaryotic Cell

• Eukaryotic Cell

• Animal Cell

• Plant Cell

a cell with a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles; generally larger and more complex than a prokaryotic cell

• Prokaryotic Cell

• Eukaryotic Cell

• Animal Cell

• Plant Cell

hydrophobic biological molecule composed mostly of carbon and hydrogen; fats, oils, and waxes

• Nucleic Acid

• Protein

• Carbohydrate

• Lipid

plasma membrane layers composed of phospholipid molecules arranged with polar heads facing the outside and nonpolar tails facing the inside

• Lipid

• Plasma Membrane

• Phospholipid bilayer

• Membrane

an organic compound composed of amino acids joined by peptide bonds; a primary building block of organisms

• Protein

• Carbohydrate

• Nucleic Acid

• Lipid

a protein that moves substances or wastes through the plasma membrane

• Membrane Protein

• Channel Protein

• Carrier Protein

• Transport protein

an organic compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms for each carbon atom

• Protein

• Carbohydrate

• Nucleic Acid

• Lipid