Pretake Practice Part 2: DNA, Cell Cycle, Protein Synthesis

DNA is essential to organisms because it...

• carries the genetic code

• speeds up chemical reactions

• prompts the immune respones

• controls cellular transport

How is the structure of a DNA molecule described by scientists?

• circle

• double helix

• twisted loop

• straight ladder

A student used a microscope to examine some cells. He observed strands located in the nuclei of these cells. These strands are responsible for coding different proteins and are known as...

• chromosomes

• mitochondria

• ribosomes

• chloroplasts

The genome of a goldfish contains 96 chromosomes. How many chromosomes will each daughter cell have after mitosis of a goldfish cell is complete?

• 24

• 48

• 96

• 192

A carrot cell contains 18 chromosomes. What is the correct number of chromosomes that would be found in the new cells produced after mitosis?

• 9

• 18

• 36

• 54

In the synthesis phase (S Phase) of the cell cycle, a body cell copies its DNA. This DNA replication occurs in preparation for which of the following processes?

• cellular respiration

• mitosis

• facilitated diffusion

• translation

As humans grow, their bodies change. Which of these statements explains how humans grow?

• cells form a cell wall

• cells undergo cell division

• cells increase in size

• cells merge to become larger

Which of these describes the purpose of the cellular process pictured

• to combine two daughter cells

• to make a chain of identical amino acids

• to produce an identical copy of a cell

• to form daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes

Proteins are large macromolecules composed of thousands of subunits. The structure of the protein depends on the sequence of...

• lipids

• amino acids

• monosaccharides

• nucleotides

Which statement explains the relationship that exists among proteins, DNA, and cells

• proteins combine to produce cells, which produce DNA

• Proteins are made up of DNA, which determines the cells that are produced

• DNA is made up of proteins, which tell a cell how to function

• Cells contain DNA, which controls the production of proteins