DNA, RNA, Protein Synthesis Vocabulary

“unzips” the double helix of the DNA by breaking the hydrogen bonds holding the nitrogen bases together. The replication fork is formed here

• DNA Helicase

• DNA Ligase

• DNA polymerase

stems from the words ligate and ligand (both deal with combining/putting back together) – puts Okazaki fragments of the lagging strand together to create a continuous strand.

• DNA Helicase

• DNA Ligase

• DNA polymerase

“polymer maker” – add nucleotides (monomer of nucleic acid) to the open strands of DNA using the base pair rule (A-T, C-G) – adds in the 5’ to 3’ direction – poly means “many”; adding more/many nucleotides to the strand

• DNA Helicase

• DNA Ligase

• DNA polymerase

"twisted ladder", the shape of DNA

• Double helix

• Nucleotides

• Antiparallel

• Complementary

• Semiconservative

the monomer of nucleic acids; has three parts: a phosphate group, sugar, and nitrogen base

• Double helix

• Nucleotides

• Antiparallel

• Complementary

• Semiconservative

describes how DNA strands are parallel (side by side with the same distance between them) but running in opposite directions

• Double helix

• Nucleotides

• Antiparallel

• Complementary

• Semiconservative

refers to the pairing of the base pairs in DNA and RNA; their "matching" or twin-like nature; example: In DNA, cytosine is ______ to guanine.

• Double helix

• Nucleotides

• Antiparallel

• Complementary

• Semiconservative

describes the product of DNA replication; the new DNA strands are 1/2 of the parent strand and 1/2 of the (new) daughter strand

• Double helix

• Nucleotides

• Antiparallel

• Complementary

• Semiconservative

the sugar that is found in the nucleotides that make up RNA

• Ribose

• Deoxyribose

• RNA

• DNA

the sugar that is found in the nucleotides that make up DNA

• Ribose

• Deoxyribose

• RNA

• DNA