10-minute Quiz : Chapter 20 Hydrocarbons from fossil fuels

The simplified diagram below shows the separation of hydrocarbons in petroleum in a fractionating tower. Which of the following combinations about fractions X, Y and Z is correct?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Which of the following statements concerning petroleum is INCORRECT?

• A. It can be refined by fractional distillation.
• B. It consists mainly of hydrocarbons.
• C. It is directly used as a fuel for motor cars.
• D. It formed from the remains of ancient marine organisms.

The following diagram shows a set-up for separating petroleum into various fractions. Four fractions are collected in test tubes one after the other. Which of the following combinations best describes the colour and sootiness of flame when burnt for the fourth fraction?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Which of the following methods is most suitable for separating a mixture of ethanol and heptane?

(Boiling points: ethanol = 78°C, heptane = 98°C)

• A. Filtration

• B. Evaporation

• C. Distillation

• D. Fractional distillation

Which of the following processes involve chemical changes?

(1) Removal of unburnt hydrocarbons in catalytic converters

(2) Fractional distillation of petroleum

(3) Combustion of butane

• A. (1) and (2) only

• B. (1) and (3) only

• C. (2) and (3) only

• D. (1), (2) and (3)

Which of the following compounds is the most viscous?

• A. C₆H₁₄
• B. C₈H₁₈
• C. C₁₀H₂₂
• D. C₁₂H₂₆

The following table gives information about four petroleum fractions P to S. Which of these fractions is used as a fuel for aeroplanes?

• A. P

• B. Q

• C. R

• D. S

The following diagram shows a device fitted to a car exhaust system. Which of the following air pollutants can be removed by this device?

(1) Carbon monoxide

(2) Sulphur dioxide

(3) Suspended particulates

• A. (1) only

• B. (2) only

• C. (1) and (3) only

• D. (2) and (3) only

Which of the following is/are the reason(s) for using petrol instead of refinery gas as fuel for motor cars?

(1) Petrol is more flammable than refinery gas.

(2) The supply of petrol is much higher than that of refinery gas.

(3) Petrol is a cleaner fuel than refinery gas.

• A. (1) only

• B. (2) only

• C. (1) and (3) only

• D. (2) and (3) only

Which of the following is the purpose of installing electrostatic precipitators in power plants?

• A. To remove steam from the waste gas
• B. To remove black smoke from the waste gas
• C. To remove sulphur dioxide from the waste gas
• D. To reduce the formation of acid rain