GCSE|AQA|Physics P1H (Nov 2021)

Figure 1 shows an electric car being recharged.

The charging station applies a direct potential difference across the battery of the car.

What does ‘direct potential difference’ mean?

Which equation links energy transferred (E), power (P) and time (t)?

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The battery in the electric car can store 162 000 000 J of energy.

The charging station has a power output of 7200 W.

Calculate the time taken to fully recharge the battery from zero.

Which equation links current (I), potential difference (V) and resistance (R)?

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The potential difference across the battery is 480 V.

There is a current of 15 A in the circuit connecting the battery to the motor of the electric car.

Calculate the resistance of the motor.

Different charging systems use different electrical currents.

• Charging system A has a current of 13 A.

• Charging system B has a current of 26 A.

• The potential difference of both charging systems is 230 V.

How does the time taken to recharge a battery using charging system A compare with the time taken using charging system B?

• Time taken using system A is half the time of system B

• Time taken using system A is the same as system B

• Time taken using system A is double the time of system B

Energy from the Sun is released by nuclear fusion.

Complete the sentences.

Nuclear fusion is the joining together of______

During nuclear fusion the total mass of the particles______

Answer format: atom, proton

Nuclear fusion of deuterium is difficult to achieve on Earth because of the high

temperature needed.

Electricity is used to increase the temperature of 4.0 g of deuterium by 50 000 000 °C.

specific heat capacity of deuterium = 5200 J/kg °C

Calculate the energy needed to increase the temperature of the deuterium by 50 000 000 °C.

The idea of obtaining power from nuclear fusion was investigated using models.

The models were tested before starting to build the first commercial nuclear fusion power station.

Suggest two reasons why models were tested.

Generating electricity using nuclear fusion will have fewer environmental effects than generating electricity using fossil fuels.

Explain one environmental effect of generating electricity using fossil fuels.