Unit 3 Test (Comp. Science 2)

The cross section below shows a portion of Earth’s crust and upper mantle near a mid-ocean ridge.

  What is the most likely cause of the geological features in this mid-ocean ridge?

• Colliding plates in the lithosphere.

• Sinking iron and magnesium in the lithosphere.

• Cooler temperatures in the mantle.

• Rising convection currents in the mantle.

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The crust of the Earth is made of many sections known as tectonic plates that exist on continents and under the oceans. Why does the oceanic crust sink beneath the continental crust at a subduction boundary?

• The oceanic crust has a greater density.

• The oceanic crust is pulled downward by Earth’s magnetic field.

• The continental crust is composed of more magnesium and iron.

   

• The continental crust is pulled upward by the Moon’s gravity.

   

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The cross section below shows the location of earthquakes near a plate boundary by identifying each earthquake focus (point of origin).

 What is the most likely cause of the earthquakes near this plate boundary?

• A transform fault

• A mantle hot spot

• Subduction of a crustal plate

• Divergence of crustal plates

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The layers of Earth can be distinguished by certain characteristics. Which characteristics would help to accurately identify Earth’s core compared to Earth's crust?

 

• Less dense, cooler, and composed of more iron.

   

• Less dense, hotter, and composed of less iron.

• More dense, hotter, and composed of more iron.

• More dense, cooler, composed of less iron.

The layers of the Earth have different temperatures. Therefore, the layers interact by transferring heat. Heat from deep in the Earth’s interior is transferred to its crust by which of the following?

• Conduction in the ocean.

   

• Convection in the mantle.

• Radiation from the solid core.

• Evaporation at mid-ocean ridges.

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Movement of tectonic plates constantly changes the surface of Earth. Which diagram best represents the type of plate movement that results in mountains?

• 
• 
• 
• 

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The diagram shows the Pacific Ring of Fire. Earthquakes and volcanic activity occur along the Ring of Fire.

 Which of the following best explains why?

• It is located at the boundaries of tectonic plates.

   

   

• It is located at the boundary of deep and shallow water.

• It is located where major ocean currents meet.

• It is located where ocean temperature is the highest.

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Conduction and convection are two forms on heat transfer that are responsible for the movement of tectonic plates. In which layer of Earth are the convection currents that directly result in tectonic plate motion found?

• Crust

   

   

• Inner Core

• Mantle

• Outer core

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Convection causes large masses of rock to rise from and sink into Earth’s mantle. What is the main heat source for this movement?

 

• Earth’s mantle and core.

   

   

• Friction produced by plate motions.

• Radiation from the sun.

• Magma in Earth’s crust.

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Some areas of the Earth experience earthquakes much more frequently than other areas. Where are earthquakes most likely to occur?

 

• Where Earth’s tectonic plates are sliding past each other.

   

• Where magma cools slowly beneath Earth’s surface.

• Where Earth’s lithosphere is in constant, slow motion.

• Where Earth’s seafloor is spreading into deep ocean trenches.

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