Unit 14

What would most likely happen if airborne pollution blocked the sun’srays so significantly that only 5% of plants survived?

• The atmosphere would fill with oxygen, and animals would begin to die.

• All animals would evolve to begin using carbon dioxide as a food source.

• The atmosphere would fill with carbon dioxide, and animals would begin to die.

• All animals would evolve to use a mixture of oxygen and carbon dioxide during respiration.

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This diagram represents a closed terrarium exposed to sunlight.

What must happen for the carbon cycle to continue in this terrarium?

• All organisms must continue to exchange gases.

• The snails must double their production of carbon dioxide.

• The plant must produce carbon dioxide at a faster rate.

• The decomposers must begin to produce oxygen.

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The crude oil extracted today was formed millions of years ago from the fossilized remains of algae and other tiny marine organisms. Most parts of the organisms decomposed soon after they died. Which biomolecules decomposed more slowly and became the basis of crude oil?

• proteins

• carbohydrates

• fatty acids

• nucleic acids

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Which is the correct order of coalification?

• peat → sub-bituminous → lignite → bituminous → anthracite

• sub-bituminous → bituminous → peat → lignite → anthracite

• peat → lignite → sub-bituminous → bituminous → anthracite

• peat → anthracite → sub-bituminous → bituminous → lignite

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Which statement correctly describes part of the carbon cycle?

• The amount of carbon in the soil increases when plants decay.

• The amount of carbon in the ocean decreases when fossil fuels are burned.

• The amount of carbon in the atmosphere decreases when igneous rocks form.

• The amount of carbon in the atmosphere increases when photosynthesis occurs.

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The graph below shows the number of hare and the number of lynx in a specific ecosystem over time.

Which hypothesis is best supported by the data?

• A rise in the lynx population caused a rise in the hare population.

• The hare population was limited by the number of lynx in the ecosystem.

• The lynx population was limited by the number of hares in the ecosystem.

• The hare population drastically decreased in the 1920s because of a decrease in the lynx population.

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In nature, which type of behavior causes animals to produce aggressive displays and sounds?

• imprinting

• territoriality

• conditioning

• habituatoin

In some ecosystems, wolves have been eliminated due to their threats to humans. How can the reintroduction of wolves benefit the ecosystem?

• It can eliminate weak animals from a prey population, thereby decreasing competition for natural resources.

• It can eliminate the most fit animals among the prey population, which will cause an increase in birthrates of the prey.

• It can cause the prey population to migrate to other areas, resulting in more fit prey.

• It can cause the prey population to better blend in with their environment.

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Scientists determined that caribou were most likely to reproduce if abundant food was available. Which data could scientists have used to support this conclusion?

• Female caribou with high body mass but a low percentage of body fat were most frequentlypregnant.

• Female caribou with high body mass and a high percentage of body fat were most frequentlypregnant.

• Female caribou with low body mass and a low percentage of body fat were most frequentlypregnant.

• Female caribou with a low body mass but a high percentage of body fat were most frequentlypregnant.

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Scientists study rainforests as systems structured in vertical layers, or strata. How would a tree falling from the overstory layer MOST immediately affect the surrounding plants in the other three layers?

• They would have access to more sunlight but less space.

• They would have access to more sunlight and more space.

• They would have access to less sunlight but more space.

• They would have access to less sunlight and less space.

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