AP Biology Unit 6 Biotechnology

Which of the following describes how a plasmid and gene of interest are combined to create a vector?

• A restriction enzyme binds to the same restriction site on both DNA strands then DNA ligase seals phosphodiester linkages

• A primer binds to the gene of interest to facilitate the process of inserting the gene into the plasmid

• A helicase unwinds the DNA to allow for the gene of interest to be inserted then DNA ligase seals phosphodiester linkages

• A DNA polymerase uses the gene of interest as a template to insert the gene into the plasmid

Which of the following describes why Taq polymerase is required for PCR?

• The Taq polymerase is able to unwind the DNA double helix reducing the need of additional enzymes

• The Taq polymerase binds to the DNA without a required primer facilitating the process of PCR

• The process of PCR requires prokaryotic polymerase as it is less complex

• The process of PCR requires extremely high temperatures that would denature other polymerases

Which of the following describes the orientation of the DNA found in a run gel electrophoresis?

• Small fragments are found near the well since it is negatively charged

• Large fragments are found near the well while small fragments are found at the other end

• Small fragments are found near the well while large fragments are found at the other end

• Large fragments are found near the well since it is positively charged

Which of the following describes why some bands are darker in a gel electrophoresis?

• This is a location where there is a secondary well in the gel

• There are large amounts of fragments the same size

• The DNA at that band absorbed more dye since it is more positively charged

• This is an error in the gel electrophoresis caused by a clogged pore in the gel

If one fragment was placed in the thermocycler for a PCR experiment, how many fragments would exist after 5 cycles?

• 10

• 16

• 64

• 32

Which of the following describes why primers must be added to the thermocycler during a PCR?

• Polymerase requires an open 3' end

• Polymerase requires RNA for signaling

• Polymerase requires an RNA template

• Polymerase requires an open 5' end

An experimenter performed a transformation experiment. Which of the following describes the function of the -plasmid/LB and +plasmid/LB plates?

• To compare between the bacteria with and without the plasmid

• To determine whether LB is required for the bacterial growth

• To ensure the bacteria is viable after experimental set-up

• To test whether temperature has an effect on growth

Which of the following describes the minimum number of restriction sites on a plasmid if there are 3 fragments on the gel electrophoresis?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Which of the following is responsible for determining the order of nucleotides in a DNA molecule?

• DNA sequencing

• Gel electrophoresis

• Polymerase Chain Reaction

• Bacterial transformation

Which of the following allow for amplification of a DNA fragment abiotically?

• DNA sequencing

• Gel electrophoresis

• Polymerase chain reaction

• Bacterial transformation