1# Unit 6 Vocab Commerce, Absolutism, Enlightenment Political

- a form of government in which a single ruler is not restricted by a constitution or laws and claims

the ‘divine right of kings,’ which allowed rulers to do as they pleased

• limited monarchy

• separation of powers

• absolute monarchy

• encomienda system

desire for political independence for a country from an outside people or empire; ex: Austro-

Hungarian Empire and colonies in the Americas

• mercantilism

• Enlightenment

• bourgeoisie

• natinalisim

a new, rising social class between peasants and nobility mostly made up of merchants, artisans,

lawyers, and doctors; named for the French social class

• indigenous

• bourgeoisie

• encomienda system

• Commercial Revolution

period in the 1700s when philosophers, including Voltaire and Jean-Jacques Rousseau,

believed that they could apply the scientific method and reason to logically explain human nature and society; one of the causes of the American and French Revolutions

• Enlightenment

• Estates-General

• encomienda system

• natinoalisim

French legislature with three classes receiving one vote each: (1) clergy, (2) nobility, and (3)

common people; unfair system in which the majority of people were outvoted by the minority

• mercantilism

• joint-stock company

• Estates-General

• separation of powers