Chapter 7 Study Guide - Cell Structure and function

In Biology, what is a cell?

• The basic unit of life.

• A home for prisoners.

• A group of terrorists.

• An organelle.

Answer explanation

In 1838, German botanist Matthias Schleiden concluded that all plants are made of cells. The next year, German biologist Theodor Schwann stated that all animals are made of cells.

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In many cells, the structure that controls the cell's activities is the

• Cell membrane

• Organelle

• Nucleolus

• Nucleus

Answer explanation

"The nucleus is a large membrane enclosed structure that contains genetic material in the form of DNA and controls many of the cell's activities." (Pg 193)

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Despite differences in size and shape, at some point all cells have ​ (a)   and ​a ​ (b)  

• DNA
• cell membrane
• nucleus
• ribosomes
• mitochondria

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What distinguishes a eukaryotic cell from a prokaryotic cell is the presence of a

A substance that moves by passive transport tends to move from an area of ​ (a)   concentration to an area of ​ (b)   concentration.

• high
• low
• left
• right
• isotonic
• hypotonic
• hypertonic

Reorder the following levels of organization from least complex to most complex.

• Tissues

• Organ systems

• Cells

• Organs

Answer explanation

From least to most complex, the levels of organization in a multicellular organism are: cells, tissues, organs, organ systems

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A(n) ​ (a)   is a specific protein whose shape fits that of a specific molecular messenger.

• receptor
• organ
• stimulus
• vesicle
• aquaporin
• ribosome

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Which of the following is NOT found in plant cells?

• Cell Wall

• Chloroplast

• Centriole

• Cytoplasm

Which of the following pairs of items are NOT found in animal cells?

• Cell membrane, Ribosome

• Nucleus, Mitochondria

• Cell Wall, Chloroplast

• Centriole, Chloroplast

Answer explanation

Animal cells do not have cell walls nor chloroplasts. (page 207)

Match the following cell parts and functions.

• Break down and recycle macromolecules

• Ribosome

• Assemble proteins

• Lysosomes

• Convert solar energy to chemical energy

• Cell membrane

• Protect and support the cell

• Chloroplast

• Control Center, Contains DNA

• Nucleus

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