National accounts - trade balance - current account

Which aggregates sum up to a country's GDP from the point of view of "income usage"?

(Several answers may be correct.)

• public and private consumption + capital formation +

  exports

• consumption - capital formation + exports - imports

• consumption + capital formation + trade balance

• public and private consumption + public and private capital formation -

  trade balance

Which aggregates do not belong to a country's GDP from the point of view of "income production"?

(Several answers may be correct.)

• gross value of the public sector

• gross value of the construction sector

• fixed capital formation: dwellings and other building constructions

• profits of the corporate sector

If a company imports intermediate goods and stores them in its inventory how is this reflected in the GDP of the company's country?

(Several answers may be correct.)

• GDP increases because this is a positive change of inventories.

• GDP increases because imports of intermediate goods are added in GDP calculation.

• GDP doesn't change.

• GDP decreases because imports are subtracted in GDP calculation.

A private household buys a real estate from its neighbour. The nominal GDP ...

(Several answers may be correct.)

• increases, but not the real GDP.

• doesn't change, but the real GDP decreases.

• doesn't change, and the difference of revenues and expenditures of the total household sector doesn't change either.

• doesn't change, but the difference of revenues and expenditures of the total household sector increases.

A trade deficit ...

(Several answers may be correct.)

• decreases a country's foreign assets.

• increases a country's foreign assets.

• decreases a country's foreign debts.

• increases a country's foreign debts.

Germany's trade balance

(Several answers may be correct.)

• regarding services is quite well-balanced.

• regarding goods has been in surplus since 2020.

• regarding goods has been in deficit since 2020.

• is dominated by the current account's surplus.

The highest annual surplus of Germany's trade balance

(Several answers may be correct.)

• was nearly 150 billions €.

• was more than 200 billions €.

• was short below

  6 % of German GDP.

• occured

  in the late 1990s.

The current account

(Several answers may be correct.)

• is another expression for trade balance.

• includes the trade balance.

• of the EMU is in surplus since several years.

• of the EMU will stay in deficit because of the energy crisis.

In the current account primary income receipts from foreigners

(Several answers may be correct.)

• include interest payments on foreign government bonds.

• include payments for domestic goods which were exported.

• include payments of migrant workers to their families at their home countries.

• do not include development aid.

Which statement is wrong?

(Several answers may be correct.)

• UK's current account is in surplus for more than 20 years.

• In relation to GDP the Netherlands' current account surplus is much smaller than Germany's.

• The US current account shows the largest deficits in absolute terms worldwide for several years.

• The EMU's current account balance can be calculated as the sum of the current account balances of its member states.