DNA to Proteins Unit Test Review

Define protein synthesis.

• The process in which a strand of DNA is copied into an RNA strand

• The production of a protein molecule through DNA transcription and translation

• Cells that are specialized to perform a specific function

• The process by which the sequence of nucleotides in a messenger RNA is converted by a ribosome and transfer RNAs into a polypeptide with a specific sequence of amino acids

Match the following

• Ribose

• DNA

• Single-stranded

• RNA

• Deoxyribose

• DNA

• Double-stranded

• RNA

Reorder the following steps of transcription:

• After leaving the nucleus, the mRNA travels to the ribosome.

• A single strand of mRNA leaves the nucleus through a nuclear pore.

• DNA unzips and creates a template for mRNA to form.

• Adenine-->Uracil,

  Guanine-->Cytosine,

  Thymine-->Adenine,

  Cystosine-->Guanine.

What is a catalyst?

• They slow down chemical reactions within cells of living organisms.

• They stop chemical reactions within cells of living organisms.

• They accelerate chemical reactions within cells of living organisms.

• They heat up chemical reactions within cells of living organisms.

DNA has the shape of a ​ (a)   , which looks like a twisted ​ (b)   . It has four ​ (c)   bases. DNA makes up our ​ (d)   .

• double helix
• ladder
• nitrogenous
• genetic code

mRNA stands for:

• micro RNA

• mitosis RNA

• mega RNA

• messenger RNA

Match the following

• Thymine

• DNA

• Transcription

• mRNA

• Uracil

• DNA

• Translation

• RNA

Define genes:

• Coding regions of DNA.

• What you can wear to school on dress down days.

• Proteins created to describe you.

• Where ribosomes package the proteins.

In the "Make Me A Sandwich" Lab, what part of the cell did the sandwich shop owner represent?

• rough ER

• nucleus

• ribosome

• smooth ER

What is the function of the rough ER?

• genetic code

• packages the protein

• builds the protein

• carries amino acids used to build proteins