AH 1.2 whole key area

Why is the proteome actually larger than the number of genes

• As some genes are switched off

• as some genes are switched on

• as more than one protein can be produced from a single gene

• due to gene mutations creating new alleles

The genome contains non-coding RNA genes. These code for

• proteins

• polypeptide chains

• mRNA

• tRNA

select all of molecules which non-coding RNA genes can express to create

• RNA molecules that control the expression of other gene

• DNA molecules that control the expression of other gene

• Proteins

• tRNA & rRNA

• mRNA

Select all of factors affecting the set of proteins expressed by a given cell type

• response to signalling molecules

• metabolic activity of the cell

• Cell division

• Differentiation

• If cell is diseased

Eukaryotic cells have a system of internal membranes. What is the function of these?

• To package proteins

• increases volume: surface area ration

• increases the total area of membrane

• to regulate gene expression

The ________ forms a network of membrane tubules continuous with the nuclear membrane

The ____ ______ is a series of flattened membrane discs

_______ are membrane-bound organelles containing a variety of hydrolases that digest proteins, lipids, nucleic acids and carbohydrates

Synthesis of membrane components Lipids and proteins are synthesised in the ER. Which type of ER synthesises lipids?

• endoplasmic reticulum

• rough ER

• smooth ER

• Golgi ER

why is the RER described as being rough (not a 1 word answer)