Research methods quiz

Which type of validity refers to having control over extraneous variables?

• Face validity

• Construct validity

• Population validity

• Ecological validity

'Participants working out the aim of the study and changing their behaviour as a result'. This is...

• Extraneous variables

• Sampling bias

• Demand characteristics

• Participant variables

The type of validity that is affected by having a limited sample is .................... validity

In Milgram's study, the participants could have lacked empathy for the learner rather than administering shocks because they were obeying. This is an issue because...

• It will reduce construct validity

• It means the procedure is not standardised

• The study will be lower in ecological validity

• The sample is not generalisable

Which is NOT a factor that relates to reliability?

• Having a large sample of participants

• Controlling potential extraneous variables

• Checking observers are consistent with one another

• Following a standardised procedure

Reliability is higher in Bandura's study because it took place in the children's normal nursery environment

• True

• False

Recruiting participants who are present and available in a specific location and point in time is...

• Self-selecting sampling

• Random sampling

• Opportunity sampling

• Quota sampling

Data collected in the form of descriptions of behaviour or as comments made by participants is...

• Qualitative data

• Quantitative data

A strength of field experiments is...

• It increases ecological validity

• It ensures the procedure is more standardised and reliable

• It increases control over extraneous variables

• It ensures demand characteristics won't affect the results

Which is a definition of extraneous variables?

• Characteristics of participants who take part in the study

• When participants give responses to make themselves look better

• Other factors (apart from your IV) which could affect the results of a study (your DV)

• When a researcher interprets behaviour in a biased way