Unit 1, Lesson 5: Science & Society

what did Jonas Salk invent?

• Polio vaccine

• penicillin

• pasteurization

• Carbon dioxide

The United States government passes many laws every year. Which government agency would most likely be responsible for laws regarding industrial air pollution?

• Environmental Protection Agency

• Department of Homeland Security

• Department of Labor

Match the following

• society

• funding is not available for all potential research

• economics

• events, such as disease outbreak, prioritize scientific

  research

• politics

• leaders may promote certain scientific research

Scientific research has led to a greater understanding of our environment and how to protect it. Which scientist made the greatest contribution to environmental protection?

• Louis Pasteur, who developed vaccines against cholera and anthrax in the late 1800s

• Rachel Carson, who researched and wrote about the negative effects of pesticide use after World War II

• Barbara McClintock, whose work on the ability of genes to change places on a chromosome earned her the Nobel Prize

• Jonas Salk, one of the scientists who developed the polio vaccine

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True or False: Science sets its own goals without influence from society.

• True

• False

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True or False: The discovery that diseases can be spread in water led to water quality regulation.

• True

• False

True or False: The Space Race provided no direct technological or other benefits to society.

• True

• False

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Which of the following is an example of how economics can affect science?

• Limited funding may lead scientists to research one topic instead of another.

• A health crisis may drive scientists to prioritize research on new medications or vaccines.

• Legislators may create new laws about the use of natural resources based on the recommendations of scientists.

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At one time, most people did not believe that microorganisms, sometimes called germs, cause diseases. The germ theory of disease was established around the mid-1800s. Which event would you claim caused this change?

• world leaders dictating scientific policies

• government regulations establishing facts

• new scientific information challenging existing scientific knowledge

Genetic engineering is the scientific process of changing the genome of an organism for specific purposes. Which genetically engineered food crop would have the greatest positive impact on the health of people in developing nations?

• rice that resists drought

• tomatoes that will ripen slowly

• cotton that is resistant to insect pests

• carrots that can be grown in cool temperatures

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