Periodic Trends

Which of the following statements is true regarding the atomic number of an element?

• The atomic number is the number of protons in an element.

• The atomic number is the number of electrons in an element.

• The atomic number is the number of neutrons in an element.

• The atomic number is the mass of the nucleus of an element.

The horizontal rows on the Periodic Table are referred to as which of the following?

• Groups or Families

• Periods or Rows

• Columns or Rows

• Valence or Orbitals

The vertical columns on the Periodic Table are referred to as which of the following?

• Groups or Families

• Periods or Rows

• Columns or Rows

• Valence or Orbitals

What does the Periodic Table help scientists do?

• Identify the most common compounds found on Earth.

• Create mixtures of elements in order to make new elements.

• Make predictions about what kind of properties new elements might have.

• Determine how expensive each element is to mine from the Earth.

Silicon (Si) is in period 3 on the Periodic Table. What does this tell you about this element?

• It is highly reactive with water.

• It has 3 valence electrons.

• It has 3 protons in its nucleus.

• It has 3 energy levels/shells in its electron cloud.

Calcium (Ca) is in group 2 on the Periodic Table. What does this tell you about this element?

• It is not reactive with water.

• It has 2 valence electrons.

• It has 2 protons in its nucleus.

• It has 2 energy levels/shells in its electron cloud.

Which of the following elements would have similar chemical properties to the element Oxygen (O)?

• Nitrogen (N)

• Chlorine (Cl)

• Neon (Ne)

• Sulfur (S)

Which of the following elements would have the same number of energy levels/shells as the element Sodium (Na)?

• Magnesium (Mg)

• Lithium (Li)

• Potassium (K)

• Oxygen (O)

The _______ metals are all of the elements located in groups 3-12 on the Periodic Table.

The ______ metals are all of the metals located in group 1 on the Periodic Table that are also highly reactive in water.